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  2. In this article we describe the current use of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven®) in trauma patients. Emphasis is placed on current uses as defined by key studies, efficacy data, and safety dat...

    Authors: Alicia M Mohr, John B Holcomb, Richard P Dutton and Jacques Duranteau
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 5):S37
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 5

  3. The hemostatic properties of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) are established in patients with inherited or acquired hemophilia with inhibitors and in patients with congenital factor VII deficiencies....

    Authors: R Michael Grounds and Charles Bolan
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 5):S29
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 5

    The Erratum to this article has been published in Critical Care 2005 9:560

  4. Preclinical studies in animals and ex vivo human blood have provided a solid rationale for conducting prospective randomized trials in trauma patients. Small animal models have been utilized to study the efficacy...

    Authors: Martin A Schreiber, John B Holcomb and Rasmus Rojkjaer
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 5):S25
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 5

  5. As interest in the use of activated recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) in trauma grows, questions arise regarding how best to monitor rFVIIa therapy and when rFVIIa may be expected to improve hemostasis. Knowledg...

    Authors: Anthony E Pusateri and Myung S Park
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 5):S15
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 5

  7. Trauma is a worldwide problem, with severe and wide ranging consequences for individuals and society as a whole. Hemorrhage is a major contributor to the dilemma of traumatic injury and its care. In this artic...

    Authors: David S Kauvar and Charles E Wade
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 5):S1
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 5

  8. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) is commonly used for benchmarking intensive care units (ICUs). Available mortality prediction models are outdated and must be adapted to current populations of interest. ...

    Authors: Jean Roger Le Gall, Anke Neumann, François Hemery, Jean Pierre Bleriot, Jean Pierre Fulgencio, Bernard Garrigues, Christian Gouzes, Eric Lepage, Pierre Moine and Daniel Villers
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R645
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Treatment of infants with viral lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) necessitating mechanical ventilation is mainly symptomatic. The therapeutic use of surfactant seems rational because significantly lower l...

    Authors: Martin CJ Kneyber, Frans B Plötz and Jan LL Kimpen
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:550
    Content type: Review Published on:

  10. For many years it has been apparent from estimates of the anion gap and the strong ion gap that anions of unknown identity can be generated in sepsis and shock states. Evidence is emerging that at least some o...

    Authors: Francis G Bowling and Thomas J Morgan
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:E23
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  12. Elevated troponin levels indicate myocardial injury but may occur in critically ill patients without evidence of myocardial ischemia. An elevated troponin alone cannot establish a diagnosis of myocardial infar...

    Authors: Wendy Lim, Ismael Qushmaq, Deborah J Cook, Mark A Crowther, Diane Heels-Ansdell and PJ Devereaux
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R636
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Central venous catheterization is commonly used in critically ill patients and may cause different complications, including infection. Although there are many studies about CVC-related infection, very few have...

    Authors: Leonardo Lorente, Christophe Henry, María M Martín, Alejandro Jiménez and María L Mora
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R631
    Content type: Research Published on:

  14. Lactate measurement in the critically ill has been traditionally used to stratify patients with poor outcome. However, plasma lactate levels are the result of a finely tuned interplay of factors that affect th...

    Authors: Franco Valenza, Gabriele Aletti, Tommaso Fossali, Giorgio Chevallard, Francesca Sacconi, Manuela Irace and Luciano Gattinoni
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:588
    Content type: Review Published on:

  16. There has been dramatic improvement in survival for patients with HIV/AIDS; however, some studies on patients with HIV/AIDS and serious illness have reported continued low rates of intensive care. The purpose ...

    Authors: Joseph M Mrus, LeeAnn Braun, Michael S Yi, Walter T Linde-Zwirble and Joseph A Johnston
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R623
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. As the pivotal phase III randomized controlled clinical trial on antithrombin concentrate in patients with severe sepsis did not show a beneficial effect of antithrombin treatment on 28-day mortality, the inte...

    Authors: Marcel Levi
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:624
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  18. The design of clinical trials of interventions aimed at reducing mortality in patients with severe sepsis assumes that the relative treatment effect of the intervention is independent of the patients' risk for...

    Authors: William L Macias, David R Nelson, Mark Williams, Rekha Garg, Jonathan Janes and Andreas Sashegyi
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R607
    Content type: Research Published on:

  19. The introduction of orthogonal polarization spectral (OPS) imaging in clinical research has elucidated new perspectives on the role of microcirculatory flow abnormalities in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Essenti...

    Authors: E Christiaan Boerma, Keshen R Mathura, Peter HJ van der Voort, Peter E Spronk and Can Ince
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R601
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. In acute disseminated intravascular coagulation, the effect of antithrombin (AT) administration on elevated levels of D-dimer is not well established. In the present study, we report on changes in circulating ...

    Authors: Jordan Kountchev, Klaudija Bijuklic, Romuald Bellmann, Christian J Wiedermann and Michael Joannidis
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R596
    Content type: Research Published on:

  23. Acute metabolic acidosis of non-renal origin is usually a result of either lactic or ketoacidosis, both of which are associated with a high anion gap. There is increasing recognition, however, of a group of ac...

    Authors: Lui G Forni, William McKinnon, Gwyn A Lord, David F Treacher, Jean-Marie R Peron and Philip J Hilton
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R591
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Sinusitis is a well recognised but insufficiently understood complication of critical illness. It has been linked to nasotracheal intubation, but its occurrence after orotracheal intubation is less clear. We s...

    Authors: Arthur RH van Zanten, Mark J Dixon, Martine D Nipshagen, Remco de Bree, Armand RJ Girbes and Kees H Polderman
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R583
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Meta-analyses have been suggested to be the highest form of evidence available to clinicians to guide clinical practice in critical care. The purpose of this study was to systematically evaluate the quality of...

    Authors: Anthony Delaney, Sean M Bagshaw, Andre Ferland, Braden Manns, Kevin B Laupland and Christopher J Doig
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R575
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Respiratory failure from severe asthma is a potentially reversible, life-threatening condition. Poor outcome in this setting is frequently a result of the development of gas-trapping. This condition can arise ...

    Authors: David R Stather and Thomas E Stewart
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:581
    Content type: Review Published on:

  30. New technology using partial carbon dioxide rebreathing has been developed to measure cardiac output. Because rebreathing increases respiratory effort, we investigated whether a newly developed system with 35 ...

    Authors: Kazuya Tachibana, Hideaki Imanaka, Muneyuki Takeuchi, Tomoyo Nishida, Yuji Takauchi and Masaji Nishimura
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R569
    Content type: Research Published on:

  31. The major potential adverse effect of use of sulfonylurea agents (SUAs) is a hyperinsulinaemic state that causes hypoglycaemia. It may be observed during chronic therapeutic dosing, even with very low doses of...

    Authors: Philippe ER Lheureux, Soheil Zahir, Andrea Penaloza and Mireille Gris
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:543
    Content type: Review Published on:

  34. It has been hypothesized that the protein C pathway is a pivotal link between the inflammation and coagulation cascades. The demonstration that a survival benefit is associated with administration of drotrecog...

    Authors: William L Macias, SBetty Yan, Mark D Williams, Suzane L Um, George E Sandusky, Darryl W Ballard and Jean-Michel S Planquois
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S38
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  35. Experimental studies in ischemia–reperfusion and sepsis indicate that activated protein C (APC) has direct anti-inflammatory effects at a cellular level. In vivo, however, the mechanisms of action have not been c...

    Authors: Johannes N Hoffmann, Brigitte Vollmar, Matthias W Laschke, Jan M Fertmann, Karl-Walter Jauch and Michael D Menger
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S33
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  36. Sepsis causes microvascular dysfunction. Increased heterogeneity of capillary blood flow results in local tissue hypoxia, which can cause local tissue inflammation, impaired oxygen extraction, and, ultimately,...

    Authors: Ryon M Bateman and Keith R Walley
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S27
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  37. Microcirculatory dysfunction plays a pivotal role in the development of the clinical manifestations of severe sepsis. Prior to the advent of new imaging technologies, clinicians had been limited in their abili...

    Authors: Stephen Trzeciak and Emanuel P Rivers
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S20
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  39. Reduced microvascular perfusion has been implicated in organ dysfunction and multiple organ failure associated with severe sepsis. The precise mechanisms underlying microvascular dysfunction remain unclear, bu...

    Authors: Jean-Louis Vincent and Daniel De Backer
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S9
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  40. This review examines experimental evidence that the microvascular dysfunction that occurs early in sepsis is the critical first stage in tissue hypoxia and organ failure. A functional microvasculature maintain...

    Authors: Christopher G Ellis, Justin Jagger and Michael Sharpe
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9(Suppl 4):S3
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 4

  42. Respiratory variation in arterial pulse pressure is a reliable predictor of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with circulatory failure. The main limitation of this method is that it requ...

    Authors: Maxime Cannesson, Cyril Besnard, Pierre G Durand, Julien Bohé and Didier Jacques
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R562
    Content type: Research Published on:

  44. We summarize all original research in the field of critical care nephrology published in 2004 or accepted for publication in Critical Care and, when considered relevant or directly linked to this research, in oth...

    Authors: Zaccaria Ricci and Claudio Ronco
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:523
    Content type: Review Published on:

  45. Recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)/tidal ventilation titration in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) are the cornerstone of mechanical ventilatory s...

    Authors: Carmen Sílvia Valente Barbas, Gustavo Faissol de Mattos and Eduardo Rosa da Borges
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:424
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  46. Continuous monitoring of bladder partial carbon dioxide tension (PCO2) using fibreoptic sensor technology may represent a useful means by which tissue perfusion may be monitored. In addition, its changes might pa...

    Authors: Arnaldo Dubin, Mario O Pozo, Vanina S Kanoore Edul, Gastón Murias, Héctor S Canales, Marcelo Barán, Bernardo Maskin, Gonzalo Ferrara, Mercedes Laporte and Elisa Estenssoro
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R556
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Neonatal cardiac surgery is associated with a systemic inflammatory reaction that might compromise the reactivity of blood cells against an inflammatory stimulus. Our prospective study was aimed at testing thi...

    Authors: Kathrin Schumacher, Stefanie Korr, Jaime F Vazquez-Jimenez, Götz von Bernuth, Jean Duchateau and Marie-Christine Seghaye
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R549
    Content type: Research Published on:

  49. Deep venous thrombosis with subsequent pulmonary embolism or post-thrombotic syndrome is a feared complication in the intensive care unit. Therefore, routine prophylactic anticoagulation is widely recommended....

    Authors: Stefan Jochberger, Viktoria Mayr, Günter Luckner, Dietmar R Fries, Andreas J Mayr, Barbara E Friesenecker, Ingo Lorenz, Walter R Hasibeder, Hanno Ulmer, Wolfgang Schobersberger and Martin W Dünser
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R541
    Content type: Research Published on:

  50. APACHE II (AP2) was developed to allow a systematic examination of intensive care unit outcomes in a risk adjusted manner. AP2 has been widely adopted in clinical trials to assure broad consistency amongst dif...

    Authors: Frank V Booth, Mary Short, Andrew F Shorr, Nancy Arkins, Becky Bates, Rebecca L Qualy and Howard Levy
    Citation: Critical Care 2005 9:R522
    Content type: Research Published on:
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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535