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High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a pleiotropic cytokine, recently implicated in the pathophysiology of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis. Data from experimental sepsis mode...
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE...) has been considered as one of the major pattern recognition receptors and plays an important role in the development of sepsis and multiple organ dysfunc...
Endothelial barrier breakdown is a hallmark of septic shock, and proteins that physiologically regulate endothelial barrier integrity are emerging as promising biomarkers of septic shock development. Patients wit...
Studies on the role of programmed death-1(PD-1) and its main ligand (PD-L1) during experimental models of sepsis have shown that the PD-1/PD- ... the innate inflammatory response and accelerated apoptosis in sepsis
A total of 718 patients with major blunt trauma were included in this study. Six tag SNPs (tSNPs) were selected from the entire NLRP3...gene through construction of haplotype bins, and they were genotyped using a...
Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance are well-known features of critical illness and impact the mortality rate, especially in sepsis. Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) promotes...
This article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2022. Other selected articles can be found online at
Sepsis is often associated with multiple organ failure; however, changes in brain volume with sepsis are not well understood. We assessed brain atrophy in the acute phase of sepsis using brain computed tomography...
Septic shock can be defined both by the presence of hyperlactatemia and need of vasopressors. Lactate levels should be measured after volume resuscitation (as per the Sepsis-3 definition). However, currently, no....
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is a well-recognized ... by speckle tracking echocardiography for the diagnosis of sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction.
The Letter to this article has been published in Critical Care 2016 20:284
The Letter to this article has been published in Critical Care 2016 20:236
This was a prospective, observational study in a medical ICU in a tertiary teaching hospital. Consecutive adult patients with sepsis admitted to ICU were included. After resuscitation...
Severe trauma triggers a systemic inflammatory response that contributes to secondary complications, such as nosocomial infections, sepsis or multi-organ failure. The present study...
Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality for...lowPD-1high...phenotype has been proposed as a T-cell exhaustion marker in chronic viral infections but has never been evaluated in sepsis. The objective of this stu...
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 21 Supplement 2
Septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis, in which profound underlying abnormalities in circulatory...
Intravenous fluids, an essential component of sepsis resuscitation, may paradoxically worsen outcomes by exacerbating ... the volume of intravenous fluids administered during early sepsis resuscitation.
Inflammatory, autoimmune and metabolic disorders have been associated with alterations in osteopontin (OPN) serum levels. Furthermore, elevated serum levels of OPN were reported from a small cohort of patients wi...
Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family plays an important role in the development of sepsis in critically ill patients. Although several single...
Septic shock can be caused by a variety of mechanisms including direct effects of bacterial toxins such as endotoxin. Annually, approximately 5–7 million patients worldwide develop sepsis with very high endotoxin...
The use of human recombinant activated protein C (rhAPC) for the treatment of severe sepsis remains controversial despite multiple reported trials. The...
In total, there were 1,029 patient episodes entered across 14 ICUs. Emergency admissions accounted for 70% of episodes. Admissions after major elective surgery accounted for 20.5% of admissions. The mean length o...
Activated protein C (APC) has emerged as a novel therapeutic agent for use in selected patients with severe sepsis, even though the mechanism of its benefit ... these mechanisms APC exerts its benefit in severe sepsis
Low mixed or central venous saturation (S(c)vO2) can reveal global tissue hypoxia and therefore can predict poor prognosis in critically ill patients. Early goal directed therapy (EGDT), aiming at an ScvO2...≥ 70...
In patients with impaired renal function, the area under the ROC curve was 0.876 for CRP and 0.876 for PCT. In patients with infection, CRP levels differed depending on whether the infection was localized, septic...
Asymmetrical dimethyl arginine (ADMA) is an endogenous non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase that may influence the severity of organ failure and the occurrence of shock secondary to an infectious insu...
The predisposition, infection, response and organ dysfunction (PIRO) staging system was designed as a stratification tool to deal with the inherent heterogeneity of septic patients. The present study was conducte...
Although there have been exciting advances in the management of sepsis and septic shock, mortality still remains high ... able to remove the inflammatory mediators associated with sepsis and septic shock. Such an...
This retrospective observational study in a general ICU of a university hospital included a total of 153 patients with sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock who were admitted to...
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 9 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 14 Supplement 2
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 13 Supplement 4
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 10 Supplement 1
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 17 Supplement 3
This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 16 Supplement 3
Mortality is one of the most important quality markers in critical care, and there have been many epidemiological studies trying to identify risk factors to better understand the mechanisms leading to death in th...
The meta-analysis of early goal-directed therapy (EGDT) by Gu and colleagues in the previous issue of Critical Care...adds to the ongoing controversy about the value of EGDT for resuscitating patients with severe...
The multicenter study conducted by Lorente and coworkers - published in the previous issue of Critical Care...- suggests that levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 in association with the 372 T...
Sepsis is a disease that affects primarily the...
Nutrition support of critically ill patients with sepsis is one of the most debated issues among intensivists. The latest international sepsis guidelines recommend the prescription of a low...Critical Care..., El...
The eagerly awaited SOAP (Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely ill Patients) study is...
Arterial pressure optimization in septic shock is a critical, yet poorly understood component of resuscitation. New data suggest that, during the routine management of patients with severe sepsis, there is no ass...
The exact cellular and molecular mechanisms of sepsis-induced encephalopathy remain elusive. The breakdown of ... considered a focal point in the development of sepsis-induced brain damage. Contributing factors f...
Sepsis is one of the oldest and most...
Resuscitation of critically ill patients with trauma or sepsis continues to challenge clinicians. Early imperatives include ... diagnostic judgment as to the presenting problem – sepsis or trauma. Subsequently, t...
Critical Care