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  1. More men than women have died from COVID-19. Genes encoded on X chromosomes, and sex hormones may explain the decreased fatality of COVID-19 in women. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 gene is located on X c...

    Authors: Yuchong Li, Mirjana Jerkic, Arthur S. Slutsky and Haibo Zhang
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:405
  2. The need for early antibiotics in the intensive care unit (ICU) is often balanced against the goal of antibiotic stewardship. Long-course antibiotics increase the burden of antimicrobial resistance within colo...

    Authors: Christian Munck, Ravi U. Sheth, Edward Cuaresma, Jessica Weidler, Stephania L. Stump, Philip Zachariah, David H. Chong, Anne-Catrin Uhlemann, Julian A. Abrams, Harris H. Wang and Daniel E. Freedberg
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:404
  3. Prescribing pharmacologic therapies for critically ill patients requires a careful balancing of risks and benefits. Defining, monitoring, and reporting harms that occur in clinical trials conducted in critical...

    Authors: Ari Moskowitz, Lars W. Andersen, Mathias J. Holmberg, Anne V. Grossestreuer, Katherine M. Berg and Asger Granfeldt
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:398
  4. Prone positioning (PP) has shown to improve survival in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To this point, it is unclear if PP is also beneficial for ARDS patients treated with ven...

    Authors: Jonathan Rilinger, Viviane Zotzmann, Xavier Bemtgen, Carin Schumacher, Paul M. Biever, Daniel Duerschmied, Klaus Kaier, Peter Stachon, Constantin von zur Mühlen, Manfred Zehender, Christoph Bode, Dawid L. Staudacher and Tobias Wengenmayer
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:397
  5. The global numbers of confirmed cases and deceased critically ill patients with COVID-19 are increasing. However, the clinical course, and the 60-day mortality and its predictors in critically ill patients hav...

    Authors: Jiqian Xu, Xiaobo Yang, Luyu Yang, Xiaojing Zou, Yaxin Wang, Yongran Wu, Ting Zhou, Yin Yuan, Hong Qi, Shouzhi Fu, Hong Liu, Jia’an Xia, Zhengqin Xu, Yuan Yu, Ruiting Li, Yaqi Ouyang…
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:394
  6. Critical care ultrasound (CCUS) is an essential component of intensive care practice. Although existing international guidelines have focused on training principles and determining competency in CCUS, few coun...

    Authors: Adrian Wong, Laura Galarza, Lui Forni, Daniel De Backer, Michael Slama, Bernard Cholley, Paul Mayo, Anthony McLean, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Daniel Lichtenstein, Giovanni Volpicelli, Robert Arntfield, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Gizella Melania Istrate and František Duška
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:393
  7. Acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are associated with high in-hospital mortality. However, in cohorts of ARDS patients from the 1990s, patients more comm...

    Authors: Scott W. Ketcham, Yub Raj Sedhai, H. Catherine Miller, Thomas C. Bolig, Amy Ludwig, Ivan Co, Dru Claar, Jakob I. McSparron, Hallie C. Prescott and Michael W. Sjoding
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:391
  8. The incidence of acute complications and mortality associated with COVID-19 remains poorly characterized. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to summarize the evidence on clinically relev...

    Authors: Nicola Potere, Emanuele Valeriani, Matteo Candeloro, Marco Tana, Ettore Porreca, Antonio Abbate, Silvia Spoto, Anne W. S. Rutjes and Marcello Di Nisio
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:389
  9. Elderly patients have a blunted host response, which may influence vital signs and clinical outcomes of sepsis. This study was aimed to investigate whether the associations between the vital signs and mortalit...

    Authors: Takashi Shimazui, Taka-aki Nakada, Keith R. Walley, Taku Oshima, Toshikazu Abe, Hiroshi Ogura, Atsushi Shiraishi, Shigeki Kushimoto, Daizoh Saitoh, Seitaro Fujishima, Toshihiko Mayumi, Yasukazu Shiino, Takehiko Tarui, Toru Hifumi, Yasuhiro Otomo, Kohji Okamoto…
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:387

    The Letter to this article has been published in Critical Care 2020 24:606

  10. Mass critical care caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 pandemic poses an extreme challenge to hospitals. The primary goal of hospital disaster preparedness and response is to maintai...

    Authors: Thomas Wurmb, Katja Scholtes, Felix Kolibay, Nora Schorscher, Georg Ertl, Ralf-Ingo Ernestus, Ulrich Vogel, Axel Franke and Barbara Kowalzik
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:386
  11. Neuroinflammation often develops in sepsis along with increasing permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to septic encephalopathy. The barrier is formed by tight junction structures between ...

    Authors: Kristo Erikson, Hannu Tuominen, Merja Vakkala, Janne Henrik Liisanantti, Tuomo Karttunen, Hannu Syrjälä and Tero Ilmari Ala-Kokko
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:385
  12. Intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalisations of elderly patients with acute respiratory infection have increased, yet the long-term effects of ICU admission among elderly individuals remain unknown. We examined ...

    Authors: Antoine Guillon, Coralie Hermetet, Kimberly A. Barker, Youenn Jouan, Christophe Gaborit, Stephan Ehrmann, Yannick Le Manach, Pierre-François Dequin and Leslie Grammatico-Guillon
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:384
  13. In accordance with the recommendations of, amongst others, the Surviving Sepsis Campaign and the recently published European treatment guidelines for hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and ventilator-associated pn...

    Authors: Rafael Zaragoza, Pablo Vidal-Cortés, Gerardo Aguilar, Marcio Borges, Emili Diaz, Ricard Ferrer, Emilio Maseda, Mercedes Nieto, Francisco Xavier Nuvials, Paula Ramirez, Alejandro Rodriguez, Cruz Soriano, Javier Veganzones and Ignacio Martín-Loeches
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:383
  14. Biofilm formation on endotracheal tubes (ETTs) is an early and frequent event in mechanically ventilated patients. The biofilm is believed to act as a reservoir for infecting microorganisms and thereby contrib...

    Authors: Hulda R. Thorarinsdottir, Thomas Kander, Anna Holmberg, Sarunas Petronis and Bengt Klarin
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:382
  15. Platelets have been demonstrated to be potent activators of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation during sepsis. However, the mediators and molecular pathways involved in human platelet-mediated NET ge...

    Authors: Yang Jiao, Weiwei Li, Wei Wang, Xingyu Tong, Ran Xia, Jie Fan, Jianer Du, Chengmi Zhang and Xueyin Shi
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:380
  16. Although placement of an intra-cerebral catheter remains the gold standard method for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP), several non-invasive techniques can provide useful estimates. The aim of this study ...

    Authors: Chiara Robba, Selene Pozzebon, Bedrana Moro, Jean-Louis Vincent, Jacques Creteur and Fabio Silvio Taccone
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:379
  17. The use of multiplex PCR to shorten time to identification of pathogens and their resistance mechanisms for patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is attractive, but poorly studied. The multiplex ...

    Authors: Charles-Edouard Luyt, Guillaume Hékimian, Isabelle Bonnet, Nicolas Bréchot, Matthieu Schmidt, Jérôme Robert, Alain Combes and Alexandra Aubry
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:378
  18. Early mobilization of adults receiving intensive care improves health outcomes, yet little is known about mobilization practices in paediatric intensive care units (PICUs). We aimed to determine the prevalence...

    Authors: Erwin Ista, Barnaby R. Scholefield, Joseph C. Manning, Irene Harth, Orsola Gawronski, Alicja Bartkowska-Śniatkowska, Anne-Sylvie Ramelet and Sapna R. Kudchadkar
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:368
  19. Respiratory support has been increasingly used after extubation for the prevention of re-intubation and improvement of prognosis in critically ill medical patients. However, the optimal respiratory support met...

    Authors: Xiaoyang Zhou, Shengmi Yao, Pingping Dong, Bixin Chen, Zhaojun Xu and Hua Wang
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:370
  20. Early appropriate antibiotic therapy reduces morbidity and mortality of severe pneumonia. However, the emergence of bacterial resistance requires the earliest use of antibiotics with the narrowest possible spe...

    Authors: Nathan Peiffer-Smadja, Lila Bouadma, Vincent Mathy, Kahina Allouche, Juliette Patrier, Martin Reboul, Philippe Montravers, Jean-François Timsit and Laurence Armand-Lefevre
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:366
  21. In this viewpoint, we summarize the relevance of thromboinflammation in COVID-19 and discuss potential mechanisms of endothelial injury as a key point for the development of lung and distant organ dysfunction,...

    Authors: Gabriele Guglielmetti, Marco Quaglia, Pier Paolo Sainaghi, Luigi Mario Castello, Rosanna Vaschetto, Mario Pirisi, Francesco Della Corte, Gian Carlo Avanzi, Piero Stratta and Vincenzo Cantaluppi
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:365
  22. COVID-19 is an infection induced by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, and severe forms can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) requiring intensive care unit (ICU) management. Severe forms are associat...

    Authors: Sophie Susen, Charles Ambroise Tacquard, Alexandre Godon, Alexandre Mansour, Delphine Garrigue, Philippe Nguyen, Anne Godier, Sophie Testa, Jerrold H. Levy, Pierre Albaladejo and Yves Gruel
    Citation: Critical Care 2020 24:364