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Norepinephrine formulation for equivalent vasopressive score
Critical Care volume 27, Article number: 62 (2023)
A Correspondence to this article was published on 28 March 2023
The Original Article was published on 20 January 2023
Correspondence
Kotani and colleagues should be commended for comparing the vasopressive effects of most vasopressors available on the market. Their work aims at harmonizing the vasopressive burden in patients with shock [1].
In our opinion, the authors forgot to mention that, depending on countries and institutions, two formulations of norepinephrine are available: either as tartrate/bitartrate at 2 mg/mL or as base at 1 mg/mL. This means that the equipotent vasopressive formulations can require to adapt the dose by a factor 2, a conversion factor of paramount importance in daily practice. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SCC) 2021 recommended adding vasopressin in septic shock patients when the dose of norepinephrine reaches 0.25 −0.5 μg/kg/min [2]. For an 80-kg adult, this translates by introducing vasopressin at a threshold ranging from 1.2 mg/h of norepinephrine when the base formulation is used at the lowest recommendation to 4.8 mg/h when the tartrate/bitartrate formulation is used at the higher recommendation. Interestingly, in an international survey on the adhesion to SSC guidelines, 50% of 820 respondents were unaware of the formulations used in their units [3]. This bias can lead to unwanted high doses of norepinephrine and misinterpretation of clinical trial results. In addition, delayed vasopressin introduction may be less effective than an early multimodal strategy based on combination of several vasopressors [4, 5].
In conclusion, there is a need for homogenizing the norepinephrine formulation in order to improve the interprofessional communication on vasopressive equivalence scores across the different publications and practices all over the world.
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References
Kotani Y, Gioia AD, Landoni G, Belletti A, Khanna AK. An updated “norepinephrine equivalent” score in intensive care as a marker of shock severity. Crit Care. 2023;27:29.
Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, Antonelli M, Coopersmith CM, French C, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intens Care Med. 2021;47:1181–247.
Bitton E, Zimmerman S, Azevedo LCP, Benhamou D, Cecconi M, Waele JJD, et al. An international survey of adherence to Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines 2016 regarding fluid resuscitation and vasopressors in the initial management of septic shock. J Crit Care. 2022;68:144–54.
Guerci P, Belveyre T, Mongardon N, Novy E. When to start vasopressin in septic shock: the strategy we propose. Crit Care. 2022;26:125.
Leone M, Einav S, Antonucci E, Depret F, Lakbar I, Martin-Loeches I, et al. Multimodal strategy to counteract vasodilation in septic shock. Anaesth Crit Care Pa. 2023;42: 101193.
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NM, QDR, ML and PG wrote and approved the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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NM and PG received consulting fees from AOP Health. ML served as consultant for Viatris, Gilead, AOP Pharma and LFB and as speaker for AOP Pharma. QDR has no potential conflict of interest.
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Mongardon, N., de Roux, Q., Leone, M. et al. Norepinephrine formulation for equivalent vasopressive score. Crit Care 27, 62 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-023-04354-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-023-04354-4