Blow O, Magliore L, Claridge J, Butler K, Young J: The golden hour and the silver day: detection and correction of occult hypoperfusion within 24 hours improves outcome from major trauma. J Trauma 1999, 47: 964-969.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, Peterson E, Tomlanovich M: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001, 345: 1368-1377. 10.1056/NEJMoa010307
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hollenberg SM, Ahrens TS, Annane D, Astiz ME, Chalfin DB, Dasta JF, Heard SO, Martin C, Napolitano LM, Susla GM, Totaro R, Vincent JL, Zanotti-Cavazzoni S: Practice parameters for hemodynamic support of sepsis in adult patients. 2004 update. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: 1928-1948. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000139761.05492.D6
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sevransky JE, Nour S, Susla GM, Needham DM, Hollenberg S, Pronovost P: Hemodynamic goals in randomized clinical trials in patients with sepsis: a systematic review of the literature. Crit Care 2007, 11: R67. 10.1186/cc5948
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, Gerlach H, Calandra T, Cohen J, Gea-Banacloche J, Keh D, Marshall JC, Parker MM, Ramsay G, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL, Levy MM: Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2004, 32: 858-873. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000117317.18092.E4
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Durbin CG: Is industry guiding the sepsis guidelines? A perspective. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 689-691. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000257723.46818.F3
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Otero RM, Nguyen HB, Huang DT, Gaieski DF, Goyal M, Gunnerson KJ, Trzeciak S, Sherwin R, Holthaus CV, Osborn T, Rivers EP: Early goal-directed therapy in severe sepsis and septic shock revisited: concepts, controversies, and contemporary findings. Chest 2006, 130: 1579-1595. 10.1378/chest.130.5.1579
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Russell JA: Management of sepsis. N Engl J Med 2006, 355: 1699-1713. 10.1056/NEJMra043632
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Carlet J: Early goal-directed therapy of septic shock in the emergency room: who could honestly remain skeptical? Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 2842-2843. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000242911.79783.66
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R, Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008. Intensive Care Med 2008, 34: 17-60. 10.1007/s00134-007-0934-2
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vincent JL: Update on sepsis guidelines: what has changed? International J Int Care 2008, 15: 18-21.
Google Scholar
Kumar A, Roberts D, Wood KE, Light B, Parrillo JE, Sharma S, Suppes R, Feinstein D, Zanotti S, Taiberg L, Gurka D, Kumar A, Cheang M: Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1589-1596. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000217961.75225.E9
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Perel A, Segal E: Management of sepsis (Letter). N Engl J Med 2007, 356: 1178. 10.1056/NEJMc063207
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Krafft P, Stelzer H, Hiesmayr M, Klimscha W, Hammerle AF: Mixed venous oxygen saturation in critically ill septic shock patients. The role of defined events. Chest 1993, 103: 900-906. 10.1378/chest.103.3.900
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vincent JL, Gerlach H: Fluid resuscitation in severe sepsis and septic shock: an evidence-based review. Crit Care Med 2004,32(11 Suppl):S451-454. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000142984.44321.A4
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kortgen A, Niederprüm P, Bauer M: Implementation of an evidence-based 'standard operating procedure' and outcome in septic shock. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 943-949. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000206112.32673.D4
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shapiro NI, Howell MD, Talmor D, Lahey D, Ngo L, Buras J, Wolfe RE, Weiss JW, Lisbon A: Implementation and outcomes of the Multiple Urgent Sepsis Therapies (MUST) protocol. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1025-1032. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000206104.18647.A8
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
van Beest P, Hofstra J, Schultz M, Boerma E, Spronk P, Kuiper M: The incidence of low venous oxygen saturation on admission in the ICU: a multicenter observational study in the Netherlands. Crit Care 2008, 12: R33. 10.1186/cc6811
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ho BC, Bellomo R, McGain F, Jones D, Naka T, Wan L, Braitberg G: The incidence and outcome of septic shock patients in the absence of early-goal directed therapy. Crit Care 2006, 10: R80. 10.1186/cc4918
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dombrovskiy VY, Martin AA, Sunderram J, Paz HL: Occurrence and outcomes of sepsis: influence of race. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 763-768. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000256726.80998.BF
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Danis M, Linde-Zwirble WT, Astor A, Lidicker JR, Angus DC: How does lack of insurance affect use of intensive care? A population-based study. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 2043-2048. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000227657.75270.C4
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Esper AM, Moss M, Lewis CA, Nisbet R, Mannino DM, Martin GS: The role of infection and comorbidity: factors that influence disparities in sepsis. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 2576-2582. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000239114.50519.0E
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sprung CL, Annane D, Keh D, Moreno R, Singer M, Freivogel K, Weiss YG, Benbenishty J, Kalenka A, Forst H, Laterre PF, Reinhart K, Cuthbertson BH, Payen D, Briegel J: Hydrocortisone therapy for patients with septic shock. N Engl J Med 2008, 358: 111-124. 10.1056/NEJMoa071366
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
O'Brien JM Jr, Lu B, Ali NA, Martin GS, Aberegg SK, Marsh CB, Lemeshow S, Douglas IS: Alcohol dependence is independently associated with sepsis, septic shock, and hospital mortality among adult intensive care unit patients. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 345-350. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000254340.91644.B2
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Greenfield S, Kravitz R, Duan N, Kaplan SH: Heterogeneity of treatment effects: implications for guidelines, payment, and quality assessment. Am J Med 2007,120(4 Suppl 1):S3-9. 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.02.002
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roman-Marchant O, Orellana-Jimenez CE, De Backer D, Melot C, Vincent JL: Septic shock of early or late onset: does it matter? Chest 2004, 126: 173-178. 10.1378/chest.126.1.173
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Packman MJ, Rackow EC: Optimum left heart filling pressure during fluid resuscitation of patients with hypovolemic and septic shock. Crit Care Med 1983, 11: 165-169. 10.1097/00003246-198303000-00003
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Michard F, Teboul JL: Predicting fluid responsiveness in ICU patients: a critical analysis of the evidence. Chest 2002, 121: 2000-2008. 10.1378/chest.121.6.2000
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Vincent JL, Weil MH: Fluid challenge revisited. Crit Care Med 2006, 34: 1333-1337. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000214677.76535.A5
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Antonelli M, Levy M, Andrews PJ, Chastre J, Hudson LD, Manthous C, Meduri GU, Moreno RP, Putensen C, Stewart T, Torres A: Hemodynamic monitoring in shock and implications for management. International Consensus Conference, Paris, France, 27–28 April 2006. Intensive Care Med 2007, 33: 575-590. 10.1007/s00134-007-0531-4
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Osman D, Ridel C, Ray P, Monnet X, Anguel N, Richard C, Teboul JL: Cardiac filling pressures are not appropriate to predict hemodynamic response to volume challenge. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 64-68. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000249851.94101.4F
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Martin GS, Eaton S, Mealer M, Moss M: Extravascular lung water in patients with severe sepsis: a prospective cohort study. Crit Care 2005, 9: R74. 10.1186/cc3025
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar
Singer M: The Surviving Sepsis guidelines: evidence-based ... or evidence-biased? Crit Care Resusc 2006, 8: 244-245.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bendjelid K, Romand JA: Fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a review of indices used in intensive care. Intensive Care Med 2003, 29: 352-360. 10.1007/s00134-003-1777-0
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cheatham ML: It is time to pay attention – now more than ever! Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 1629-1630. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000266792.78806.22
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Keech J, Reed RL: Reliability of SvO
2
as an indicator of the oxygen extraction ratio (O
2
ER) demonstrated by a large patient data set. J Trauma 2003, 54: 236-241.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rivers EP, Rady MY, Martin GB, Fenn NM, Smithline HA, Alexander ME, Nowak RM: Venous hyperoxia after cardiac arrest. Characterization of a defect in systemic oxygen utilization. Chest 1992, 102: 1787-1793. 10.1378/chest.102.6.1787
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rivers EP, Kruse JA, Jacobsen G, Shah K, Loomba M, Otero R, Childs EW: The influence of early hemodynamic optimization on biomarker patterns of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 2016-2024. 10.1097/01.CCM.0000281637.08984.6E
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Perel A, Maggiorini M, Malbrain M, Teboul JL, Belda J, Fernández-Mondéjar E, Kirov M, Wendon J: Optimal hemodynamic management according to the Surviving Sepsis Guidelines is not applicable to all ICU patients. Crit Care 2008,12(Suppl 2):S156. 10.1186/cc6377
Article
Google Scholar
Eichacker PQ, Natanson C, Danner RL: Surviving Sepsis – practice guidelines, marketing campaigns, and Eli Lilly. N Engl J Med 2006, 355: 1640-1642. 10.1056/NEJMp068197
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bellomo R, Reade MC, Warrillow SJ: The pursuit of a high central venous oxygen saturation in sepsis: growing concerns. Crit Care 2008, 12: 130. 10.1186/cc6841
Article
PubMed Central
PubMed
Google Scholar