Outpatients (1) | Ward (2) | ICU (3) | p value (1 vs. 2) | p value (1 vs. 3) | p value (2 vs. 3) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Age [years, median (IQR)] | 48.50 [19] | 64 [20] | 66 [19] | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | n.s |
Male [%, (n)] | 46 (23) | 50 (50) | 64 (64) | n.s | 0.035 | 0.046 | |
Comorbidities, [% (n)] | Alcoholism | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | n.s | n.s | n.s |
Smoking | 4 (2) | 5 (5) | 6 (6) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Drug abuse | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | n.s | n.s | n.a | |
Cardiac disease | 4 (2) | 13 (13) | 9 (9) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Chronic vascular disease | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 5 (5) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
COPD | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 3 (3) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Asthma | 8 (4) | 6 (6) | 2 (2) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Obesity | 4 (2) | 26 (26) | 26 (26) | 0.001 | 0.001 | n.s | |
Hypertension | 24 (12) | 44 (44) | 45 (45) | 0.017 | 0.012 | n.s | |
Dyslipidemia | 16 (8) | 41 (41) | 34 (34) | 0.002 | 0.021 | n.s | |
Chronic renal disease | 2 (1) | 3 (3) | 3 (3) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Chronic hepatic disease | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Neurological disease | 0 (0) | 6 (6) | 3 (3) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
HIV | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | n.a | n.s | n.s | |
Autoimmune disease | 2 (1) | 1 (1) | 1 (1) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease | 0 (0) | 2 (2) | 1 (1) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Type 1 diabetes | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 3 (3) | n.a | n.s | n.s | |
Type 2 diabetes | 0 (0) | 23 (23) | 22 (22) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | n.s | |
Cancer | 6 (3) | 2 (2) | 1 (1) | n.s | n.s | n.s | |
Treatment during hospitalization, [% (n)] | Invasive mechanical ventilation | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 96 (96) | n.a | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |
Non-invasive mechanical ventilation | 0 (0) | 14 (14) | 34 (34) | 0.004 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Hydroxychloroquine | 77.6 (38) | 89 (89) | 99 (99) | n.s | < 0.001 | 0.003 | |
Chloroquine | 4.1 (2) | 7 (7) | 0 (0) | n.s | 0.042 | 0.007 | |
Corticoids | 6.7 (3) | 29 (29) | 85 (85) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Azithromycin | 15.9 (7) | 84 (84) | 84 (84) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | n.s | |
Remdesivir | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 9 (9) | n.s | 0.029 | 0.009 | |
Tocilizumab | 0 (0) | 13 (13) | 33 (33) | 0.008 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | |
Lopinavir/ritonavir | 74 (37) | 35 (35) | 96 (96) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Beta Interferon | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 55 (55) | n.a | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Time course and outcome | Hospital stay [days, median, (IQR)] | – | 9 (6) | 24 (19) | n.a | n.a | < 0.001 |
Viral RNAemia [% (n)] | 2 (1) | 27 (27) | 78 (78) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Viral RNA load in plasma (N1) (copies / mL, median, (IQR)) | 0 (0) | 0 (91) | 829 (4444) | n.s | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Viral RNA load in plasma (N2) (copies / mL, median, (IQR)) | 0 (0) | 0 (93) | 836 (4939) | n.s | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
SARS-CoV-2 IgG, [% (n)] | 52 (26) | 49 (49) | 70 (70) | n.s | 0.030 | 0.002 | |
Hospital mortality, [% (n)] | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 49(49) | n.a | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Measurements at diagnosis | Temperature (ºC) [median (IQR)] | 36.50 (1.0) | 36.80 (1.4) | 37.00 (1.4) | – | – | – |
Systolic pressure (mmHg) [median (IQR)] | 120 (29) | 126 (25) | 120 (26) | n.s | n.s | 0.001 | |
Oxygen saturation (%) [median (IQR)] | 96 (3) | 94 (5) | 92 (6) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
Pulmonary infiltrate [% (n)] | 72 (36) | 93 (93) | 100 (100) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.007 | |
Bilateral pulmonary infiltrate [% (n)] | 26 (13) | 67 (67) | 93 (93) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Glucose (mg/dl) [median (IQR)] | 99.5 (22) | 112 (31) | 160.50 (83) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Creatinine (mg/dl) [median (IQR)] | 0.84 (0.18) | 0.91 (0.33) | 0.88 (0.57) | – | – | – | |
Na (mEq/L) [median (IQR)] | 138 (4) | 138 (5) | 138.50 (7) | – | – | – | |
K (mEq/L) [median (IQR)] | 3.90 (0.50) | 4.10 (0.68) | 3.95 (0.90) | – | – | – | |
Platelets (cell × 10 3 / µl) [median (IQR)] | 223 [97] | 207 [113] | 204 [126] | – | – | – | |
INR [median (IQR)] | 1.04 (0.10) | 1.11 (0.13) | 1.22 (0.22) | 0.004 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
D Dimer (pg/ml) [median (IQR)] | 795,278 [828234] | 1,597,362 [2024704] | 6,182,104 [52690922] | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
LDH (UI/L) [median (IQR)] | 214 (73) | 278 (138) | 496 (285) | 0.002 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
GPT (UI/L) [median (IQR)] | 27 (43) | 29 (29) | 44 (44.50) | n.s | 0.021 | 0.001 | |
Ferritin (pg/ml) [median (IQR)] | 359,507 [458748] | 523,805 [534757] | 923,687 [1526492] | n.s | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
CRP (mg/dl) [median (IQR)] | 1.40 (3.50) | 40.90 (89.18) | 91 (182.10) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.031 | |
Haematocrit (%) [median (IQR)] | 43.15 (4.72) | 42.50 (6.50) | 38.15 (6.48) | n.s | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
WBC (cells/mm3) [median (IQR)] | 6450 (2815) | 7005 (4115) | 9145 (6613) | n.s | < 0.001 | 0.006 | |
Lymphocytes (cells/mm3) [median (IQR)] | 1400 (805) | 1000 (433) | 540 (445) | 0.006 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Neutrophils (cells/mm3) [median (IQR)] | 4260 (2625) | 5250 (3918) | 8300 (5880) | n.s | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
Monocytes (cells/mm3) [median (IQR)] | 500 (300) | 400 (300) | 300 (280) | n.s | < 0.001 | < 0.001 |