Figure 1

Neuroprotective strategies in the ICU. To avoid further insults to the brain (NMR image of a normal brain at the center), the goals of intensive care management are to ensure adequate oxygen delivery and to avoid excessive oxygen consumption, as in epileptic crises and cases of high brain temperature. See text for details on reperfusion after ischemic stroke, optimal hemoglobin level, and desirable cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) levels. ICP, intracranial pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; PaO₂, arterial oxygen tension.