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Table 1 Characteristics of interventional studies on rapid response systems

From: Rapid response systems: are they really effective?

Author, year Country Outcomes Adjusted for
Bristow, 2000 [13] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission CC, D
Buist, 2002 [8] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission CM
Bellomo, 2003 [17] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality no adj.
DeVita, 2004 [37] US IHCA CM
Kenward, 2004 [9] UK IHCA, hospital mortality no adj.
Priestley, 2004 [38] UK Hospital mortality CM, RCT
Hillman, 2005 [7] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission CM, RCT
Jones, 2005 [29] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality no adj.
Dacey, 2007 [24] US IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission no adj.
Jolley, 2007 [26] US IHCA, hospital mortality N/A
Baxter, 2008 [25] Canada IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission no adj.
Chan, 2008 [11] US Non-ICU cardiac arrest, hospital mortality D, CM, T
Campello, 2009 [27] Portugal IHCA, hospital mortality C, D
Hatler, 2009 [30] US Non-ICU cardiac arrest no adj.
Konrad, 2010 [18] Sweden IHCA C, D, LOS
Lighthall, 2010 [28] US IHCA, hospital mortality S, CCI
Santamaria, 2010 [19] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission C, CM, D
Beitler, 2011 [20] US IHCA, hospital mortality T
Laurens, 2011 [21] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality, unplanned ICU admission no adj.
Sarani, 2011 [31] US Non-ICU cardiac arrest, hospital mortality no adj.
Shah, 2011 [39] US IHCA, hospital mortality T
Howell, 2012 [40] US Hospital mortality CCI, CM, D, S, ICUBC
Simmes, 2012 [16] The Netherlands IHCA, unexpected mortality, unplanned ICU admission D, ASA
Tobin, 2012 [22] Australia Hospital mortality Year
Al-Qahtani, 2013 [14] Saudi Arabia IHCA, hospital mortality no adj.
Chen, 2014 [23] Australia IHCA, hospital mortality D, year
  1. ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists classification; C: comorbidities; CC: concurrent controls; CCI: Charlson Comorbidity Index; CM: case-mix severity; D: demographics; ICU: intensive care unit; ICUBC: intensive care unit bed capacity; IHCA: in-hospital cardiac arrest; LOS: length of stay; RCT: randomized clinical trial; S: seasonality; T: time trends; US: United States; UK: United Kingdom.
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