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Reduced release of superoxide from isolated human neutrophils in response to high extracellular glucose
Critical Care volume 5, Article number: P063 (2001)
Background
Superoxide (O2-) - a key anti-microbial agent in phagocytes - is produced by the activity of NADPH oxidase. High concentrations of glucose may reduce O2- production through inhibition of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) [1], which catalyzes the formation of NADPH.
Aims
To measure the acute effects of high glucose or the G6PD inhibitor, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), on release of O2- from isolated human neutrophils.
Methods
Neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy subjects by gradient centrifugation and incubated for 1 hour in Krebs-Ringer buffer containing 5, 10 or 25 mM glucose, 5 mM glucose with 0, 5 or 20 mM mannitol or 5 mM glucose with 1, 10 or 100 µM DHEA at 37°C. N-Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced O2- release was measured by superoxide dismutase-inhibitable reduction of cytochrome c or luminol-enhanced luminescence. Scavenging of O2- by glucose or DHEA was assessed by the pyrogallol assay [2].
Results
Incubation with glucose or DHEA, but not glucose/mannitol, dose-dependently reduced fMLP-induced release of O2- as detected by either method. In a cell free system, neither glucose nor DHEA scavenged O2-.
Conclusions
Inhibition of G6PD may be the cause of acutely reduced O2- release from activated neutrophils in response to high extracellular glucose concentrations. If this occurs in vivo, microbial killing by neutrophils may be impaired in patients with acute hyperglycemia.
References
Zhang , et al.: J Biol Chem (in press)
Marklund , et al.: Eur J Biochem 1974, 47: 469. 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x
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Perner, A., Nielsen, S. & Rask-Madsen, J. Reduced release of superoxide from isolated human neutrophils in response to high extracellular glucose. Crit Care 5 (Suppl 1), P063 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1186/cc1130
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc1130
Keywords
- Superoxide
- NADPH
- Hyperglycemia
- NADPH Oxidase
- DHEA