Fig. 2

Distinctive and overlapping host response biomarker profiles in plasma among sepsis patients stratified based on MS1 cell percentage in blood. A Inflammatory response. B Endothelial cell activation and C Coagulation activation. Principal component analysis (PCA) in which principal components (PC) 1 and 2 are plotted per pathophysiological domain. Each domain is represented along the x- and y-axes, labeled with the respective percentage of total variance explained by PC1 and PC2. The contribution of each biomarker to a PC score is detailed in Additional file 1: Table S3. The ellipse illustrates the central 10% of each MS1 group. Arrows in the plot indicate both the direction (arrow orientation) and magnitude (arrow length) of the correlation existing between each biomarker and the PCs. Adjacent to each PCA plot, boxplots facilitate group comparisons concerning PC1 and PC2. It is important to note that even a negative trend within a boxplot of a PC may denote a positive correlation with biomarker concentrations, as reflected by the direction of the arrows. Post-hoc analysis was conducted using a Tukey Test. Significance levels are represented as follows: ***p < 0.001, *p < 0.05. IL interleukin, MMP8 matrix metalloproteinase 8, NGAL neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, ANG1 angiopoietin 1, ANG2 angiopoietin 2, sE-selectin soluble E-selectin, sICAM-1 soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, PT prothrombin time