Fig. 4

Representative examples of airway pressure (P_aw), airflow and esophageal pressure (P_es) tracings during square-flow assisted control ventilation corresponding to normal-mild breath, moderate breath, severe breath and double triggering, respectively. The esophageal swing is represented by solid black lines on the P_es tracings, which increases in relation to the different patterns (the greater the swing, the greater the inspiratory effort)