Table 1 Baseline characteristics in the intention-to-treat population
Characteristics | Total (n = 331) | Dexmedetomidine group (n = 165) | Placebo group (n = 166) |
|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative characteristics | |||
Age (year), mean (SD) | 73 (5) | 73 (5) | 73 (5) |
Female sex, n (%) | 80 (24.2) | 37 (22.4) | 43 (25.9) |
Body weight (kg), mean (SD) | 78 (15) | 79 (17) | 76 (13) |
Euroscore, mean (SD) | 4.3 (2.8) | 4.3 (2.7) | 4.2 (2.8) |
Pre-Deliric score, mean (SD) | 16.4 (7.6) | 16.8 (7.9) | 16 (7.3) |
Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 181 (55.2) | 89 (54.9) | 92 (55.4) |
Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 61 (18.6) | 29 (17.9) | 32 (19.3) |
Left ventricular ejection fraction, mean (SD) | 60 (9.8) | 60.5 (10.1) | 59.4 (9.5) |
Treated hypertension, n (%) | 232 (70.7) | 118 (72.8) | 114 (68.7) |
Arrhythmiaa, n (%) | 63 (19.2) | 31 (19.1) | 32 (19.3) |
Pulmonary hypertension, n (%) | 29 (9.1) | 15 (9.4) | 14 (8.9) |
Diabetes, n (%) | 74 (22.4) | 30 (18.2) | 44 (26.5) |
Renal function, n (%) | |||
Normal | 285 (86.1) | 139 (84.2) | 146 (88) |
Mildly impaired (GFR: 60–89 ml/min) | 14 (4.2) | 10 (6) | 4 (2.4) |
Moderately impaired (GFR: 30–59 ml/min) | 26 (7.9) | 12 (7.3) | 14 (8.4) |
Severely impaired (GFR < 30 ml/min) | 3 (0.9) | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.6) |
Respiratory disease, n (%) | 78 (23.6) | 46 (27.9) | 32 (19.3) |
Obstructive sleep apnoea | 39 (11.8) | 22 (13.3) | 17 (10.2) |
COPD | 25 (7.6) | 16 (9.7) | 9 (5.4) |
Asthma | 17 (5.1) | 9 (5.5) | 8 (4.8) |
Stroke, n (%) | 35 (10.7) | 20 (12.3) | 15 (9) |
Operative characteristics | |||
Type of surgery, n (%) | |||
CABG | 181 (54.7) | 93 (56.4) | 88 (53) |
Aortic valve replacement | 140 (42.3) | 62 (37.6) | 78 (47) |
Mitral valve replacement | 38 (11.5) | 20 (12.1) | 18 (10.8) |
Aortic surgery | 26 (7.9) | 13 (7.9) | 13 (7.8) |
Combined surgery (CABG and valve) | 53 (16) | 25 (15.2) | 28 (16.9) |
Cardiopulmonary bypass, n (%) | 314 (95.4) | 155 (94.5) | 159 (95.8) |
Bypass duration (min), mean (SD) | 110 (55) | 113 (55) | 108 (55) |
Blood transfusion, n (%) | |||
RBC | 51 (19.7) | 25 (19.4) | 26 (20) |
FFP | 23 (8.9) | 13 (10.1) | 10 (7.7) |
Vasoactive drugs, n (%) | |||
Norepinephrine | 246 (95) | 122 (94.6) | 124 (95.4) |
Epinephrine | 9 (3.5) | 5 (3.8) | 4 (3.1) |
Dobutamine | 47 (18.1) | 24 (18.5) | 23 (17.7) |