Table 3 Cost-effective interventions which did not achieve Delphi consensus for prioritization at this time
Cost-effective interventions which did not achieve Delphi consensus for prioritization at this time | Degree of endorsement (Strongly agree and agree) in round 3 |
|---|---|
Infrastructure fundamentals | |
(1) Integrated ICU model preferable to Emergency Department-based ICU/Specialty-based ICUs | 74% (However, ≥15% Strongly disagree and disagree)* |
(2) Creating Critical Care Nurse Consultants, Physician Assistants as part of the critical care team | 66% |
(3) A combined ICU & HDU model | 62% |
(4) Low-cost wearable devices to replace the expensive commercial equipment for physiological monitoring | 56% |
(5) Opportunities to use artificial intelligence | 55% |
(6) Hand-held imaging devices such as ultrasound probes attached to smartphones | 55% |
(7) Surgical intermediate care unit as cost-saving alternative to ICU care | 41% |
(8) Use of disposable items over reusable | 29% |
Care delivery priorities | |
(9) Post-intensive care outpatient clinics under the supervision of intensivists | 63% |
Reliability and feedback | |
(10) Linking KPIs to physician/unit remuneration | 41% |