Table 2 Daily clinical parameters stratified by age

Ventilator settings

Ventilator mode (SIMV, %)

200 (58.8%)

35 (63.6%)

106 (57.2%)

59 (59.0%)

F_IO₂

0.40 (0.35, 0.50)

0.35 (0.30, 0.40)^b

0.40 (0.35, 0.50)^c

0.40 (0.35, 0.55)^{b, c}

PEEP (cmH₂O)

8.2 (6.1, 10.3)

6.6 (6.1, 8.3)^b

8.1 (6.0, 10.2)^c

10.0 (8.0, 12.2)^b,c

Peak pressure (cmH₂O)

18.6 (15.7, 22.9)

18.6 (14.4, 22.5)

18.5 (15.9, 22.8)

19.8 (15.8, 23.2)

Ppeak—PEEP (cmH₂O)

11.0 (8.5, 13.2)

12.2 (7.9, 14.5)

11 (8.8, 13.6)

10.4 (8.3, 12.7)

Vent RR (/min)

12 (0, 18)

13.5 (0, 22)

14 (0, 20)^c

10 (0, 15)^c

Respiratory mechanics

Peak flow (L/s)

0.27 (0.19, 0.44)

0.15 (0.12, 0.17)^a,b

0.25 (0.20, 0.33)^a,c

0.56 (0.39, 0.70)^b,c

Resistance (cmH₂O/L/s)

62 (32, 97)

139 (98, 173)^a,b

69 (44, 94)^a,c

27 (21, 36)^b,c

Actual RR (/min)

30 (23,36)

36.5 (30, 47.5)^a,b

30 (25, 35)^a,c

23 (18, 30)^b,c

C_RS/PBW (mL/cmH₂O/kg)

0.64 (0.50, 0.90) n = 243

0.61 (0.47, 0.74) n = 35

0.70 (0.54, 0.95) n = 135

0.58 (0.48, 0.83) n = 73

C_CW/PBW (mL/cmH₂O/kg)

4.4 (2.8, 7.2) n = 243

3.7 (2.7, 5.8) n = 35

5.3 (3.2, 8.2) n = 135

3.5 (2.4, 5.8) n = 73

E_L/E_RS

0.84 (0.77, 0.89) n = 243

0.85 (0.78, 0.87) n = 35

0.84 (0.78, 0.90) n = 135

0.83 (0.74, 0.88) n = 73

∆Pes (cmH₂O)

8.5(5.2, 12.3)

7.4 (3.9, 10.8)

9.3 (6.0, 13.8)

7.5 (4.5, 12.2)

Pocc (cmH₂O)

13.2 (8.9, 18.3) n = 303

11.3 (8.3, 14.5) n = 50

13.7 (9.3, 18.9) n = 168

12.8 (8.6, 18.5) n = 85

P0.1 (cmH₂O)

0.8 (0.5, 1.6) n = 303

0.8 (0.5, 1.4) n = 50

0.8 (0.5, 1.6) n = 168

0.8 (0.5, 1.6) n = 85

PMI (cmH₂O)

1.5 (− 0.5, 4.3) n = 278

1.0 (− 0.8, 3.3) n = 43

1.4 (− 0.4, 3.8) n = 154

1.8 (− 0.5, 4.9) n = 81

Gas exchange

pH

7.41 (7.37, 7.43) n = 339

7.40 (7.37, 7.43) n = 54

7.41 (7.37, 7.43) n = 185

7.42 (7.38, 7.44) n = 100

PCO₂ (mmHg)

45 (40, 51) n = 339

46 (40, 50) n = 54

46 (41, 51) n = 185

43 (39, 51) n = 100

Pain/sedation

Opioid/PBW (ug/kg/day)

106 (2, 2644)

753 (2, 3508)

109 (3, 2740)

10 (1, 2467)

Benzo/PBW (mg/kg/day)

0.8 (0, 2.6)

1.6 (0, 3.5)

0.9 (0, 2.7)

0 (0, 1.5)

FLACC

0.5 (0, 2)

2 (1, 3)^a,b

1 (0,2)^a,c

0 (0, 1)^b,c

SBS

− 1 (− 1, 0)

0 (− 1, 0)^a,b

− 1 (− 1, 0)^a,c

− 1 (− 1, 0)^b,c