Table 1 Hemodynamic and echographic data

Heart rate (BPM)

60

70 [62–75]

70

70 [65–75]

67

73 [63–80]

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

61

100 [88–110]

70

100 [92–112]

68

100 [93–110]

Cardiac output (L/min)

58

5.1 [4.1–6.1]

70

4.9 [3.9–5.5]

65

4.8 [4.1–5.8]

Systemic vascular resistance (dyn·s/cm⁵)

58

1607 [1318–2042]

69

1866 [1314–2094]

65

1606 [1366–2095]

E wave (cm/s)

62

80 [68–90]

71

79 [67–94]

68

76 [62–87]

E deceleration (ms)

60

213 [166–259]

71

201 [165–223]

68

199 [176–263]

A wave (cm/s)

62

70 [23–85]

71

67 [60–83]

68

71 [58–81]

E/A ratio

60

1.1 [0.9–1.4]

71

1.1 [0.9–1.4]

68

1.1 [0.9–1.3]

E’ wave (cm/s)

62

12 [10–14]

71

11 [9–13]

67

12 [9–14]

E/E’ ratio

62

7 [6–8]

71

7 [6–9]

67

7 [5–8]

LVEF (%)

60

65 [60–71]

71

66 [62–72]

68

66 [59–74]

LVEF < 50% (n)

60

1 (1.7)

71

1 (1.4)

68

4 (5.9)

Aortic VTI (cm)

60

24 [21–27]

71

23 [21–27]

67

24 [21–26]

S’ (cm/s)

59

17 [15–19]

71

16 [14–19]

66

17 [15–20]

TRV (m/s)

59

2.3 [1.9–2.6]

69

2.2 [1.7–2.6]

65

2.2 [1.7–2.5]

Inferior vena cava diameter (cm)

58

1.4 [1.0–1.7]

65

1.3 [0.9–1.7]

61

1.2 [0.9–1.7]

2-Cavity Longitudinal Strain

45

 − 20 [− 23– − 18]

46

 − 19 [− 22– − 17]

48

 − 19 [− 21– − 16]

3-Cavity Longitudinal Strain

49

 − 19 [− 22– − 16]

53

 − 21 [− 19– − 17]

50

 − 20 [− 22– − 17]

4-Cavity Longitudinal Strain

55

 − 19 [− 21– − 16]

69

 − 19 [− 21– − 17]

62

 − 19 [− 21– − 17]

Global Longitudinal Strain

33

 − 20 [− 23– − 17]

38

 − 20 [− 21– − 18]

39

 − 20 [− 22– − 18]

Global Longitudinal Strain ≥  − 20 (n)

33

20 (60.6)

38

21 (55.3)

39

22(56.4)

4C- Global Longitudinal Strain ≥  − 20 (n)

55

34 (61.8)

69

39 (56.5)

62

40 (64.5)

Global Longitudinal Strain ≥  − 17 (n)

33

7 (21.2)

38

6 (15.8)

39

7 (17.9)

4C- Global Longitudinal Strain ≥  − 17 (n)

55

20 (36.4)

69

15 (21.7)

62

16 (25.8)