Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the populations in each of the four trials
All (n = 1163) | Hyperion (n = 581) | TTM24/48 (n = 352) | Comacare (n = 120) | Xenon (n = 110) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Male, n (%) | 843 (72.5) | 373 (64.2) | 292 (82.9) | 98 (81.7) | 80 (72.7) |
Age, years, mean ± SD | 62.9 ± 13.2 | 65.7 ± 13.7 | 60.3 ± 11.8 | 59.6 ± 13.0 | 59.9 ± 11.2 |
Height, cm, mean ± SD | 172.5 ± 10.2 | 168.1 ± 9.0 | 177.7 ± 8.2 | 176.4 ± 8.9 | 173.4 ± 13.1 |
Weight, kg, mean ± SD | 82.3 ± 18.9 | 79.3 ± 20.1 | 85.8 ± 16.2 | 84.4 ± 16.7 | 84.8 ± 20.6 |
Body Mass Index, kg·m2, mean ± SD | 28.0 ± 11.2 | 28.2 ± 7.0 | 27.2 ± 4.6 | 27.1 ± 5.0 | 30.5 ± 30.6 |
Glasgow Coma Scale score, median [Q1–Q3] | 3.0 [3.0–3.0] | 3.0 [3.0–3.0] | - | 3.0 [3.0–3.0] | 3.0 [3.0–3.0] |
Cardiac cause of arrest, n (%) | 740 (63.6) | 158 (27.2) | 352 (100.0) | 120 (100.0) | 110(100.0) |
Shockable rhythm, n (%) | 542 (46.6) | 0 (0.0) | 312 (88.6) | 120 (100.0) | 110 (100.0) |
Chronic heart disease, n (%) | 522 (44.9) | 342 (58.9) | 18 (5.1) | 86 (71.7) | 76 (69.1) |
Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 250 (21.5) | 204 (35.1) | 24 (6.8) | 8 (6.7) | 14 (12.7) |
Bystander witnessed cardiac arrest, n (%) | 1100/1162 (94.7) | 547/580 (94.3) | 323 (91.8) | 120 (100.0) | 110 (100.0) |
Bystander performed CPR, n (%) | 875/1161 (75.4) | 407/579 (74.4) | 293 (83.2) | 98 (81.7) | 77 (70.0) |
Location at cardiac arrest | |||||
Place of residence, n (%) | 601 (51.7) | 295 (50.8) | 192 (54.5) | 60 (50.0) | 54 (49.1) |
Public place, n (%) | 402 (34.6) | 127 (21.9) | 160 (45.5) | 60 (50.0) | 55 (50.0) |
Hospital, n (%) | 160 (13.8) | 159 (27.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.9) |
Body temperature, °C, mean ± SD | 35.2 ± 1.4 | 35.4 ± 1.5 | 34.9 ± 1.1 | - | 35.1 ± 1.2 |
SAPSII, median [Q1–Q3] | 71.0 [58.0–82.0] | 73.5 [63.0–84.5] | - | - | 52.0 [42.0–60.0] |
No-flow duration, minutes, median [Q1–Q3] | 0.0 [0.0–5.0] | 2.0 [0.0–5.0] | 0.0 [0.0–1.0] | - | 0.0 [0.0–5.0] |
Low-flow duration, minutes, median [Q1–Q3] | 18.0 [12.0–26.0] | 16.0 [10.0–25.0] | 20.0 [15.0–27.0] | - | 19.0 [14.0–26.0] |
Time to ROSC, median [Q1–Q3] | 20.0 [15.0–29.0] | 20.0 [12.0–30.0] | 21.0 [15.0–28.0] | 21.0 [16.0–26.0] | 21.0 [16.0–27.0] |
Epinephrine injection performed, n (%) | 828/1043 (79.4) | 535 (92.1) | 222 (63.1) | - | 71 (64.5) |
Epinephrine dose, mg, median [Q1–Q3] | 2.0 [1.0–4.0] | 3.0 [2.0–5.0] | 0.0 [0.0–2.0] | - | 1.0 [0.0–2.2] |
Amiodarone injection, n (%) | 251/1043 (24.1) | 53 (9.1) | 145 (41.2) | - | 53 (48.2) |
Bicarbonate injection n (%) | 59/1043 (5.7) | 49 (8.4) | 6 (1.7) | - | 4 (3.6) |
Amines, n (%) | 467/811 (57.6) | 339 (58.3) | - | 58 (48.3) | 70 (63.6) |
Successful angioplasty, n (%) | 265/1161 (22.8) | 40 (6.9) | 145/350 (41.4) | 46 (38.3) | 34 (30.9) |
Coronarography, n (%) | 600 (51.6) | 148 (25.5) | 291 (82.7) | 70 (58.3) | 91 (82.7) |
Admission pH, median [Q1–Q3] | 7.3 [7.2–7.3] | 7.2 [7.1–7.3] | 7.3 [7.2–7.3] | 7.3 [7.3–7.4] | 7.3 [7.2–7.4] |
Lactates, mmol/L, median [Q1–Q3] | 3.6 [1.9–7.0] | 6.1 [3.2–9.7] | 2.6 [1.4–5.0] | 2.1 [1.3–3.4] | 2.4 [1.4–3.6] |
Serum creatinine, µmol/L, median [Q1–Q3] | 101.0 [80.0–133.0] | 112.0 [85.0–153.5] | 99.0 [82.0–121.0] | 85.0 [73.0–103.0] | 88.0 [76.0–111.0] |
Blood glucose, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 12.3 ± 6.8 | 13.1 ± 6.3 | - | 10.7 ± 3.9 | 10.7 ± 10.1 |
PaCO2, mmHg, mean ± SD | 45.8 ± 14.0 | 47.7 ± 17.5 | 45.7 ± 9.5 | 40.6 ± 8.1 | 42.4 ± 8.8 |
PaO2, mmHg, mean ± SD | 170.5 ± 115.3 | 195.6 ± 136.9 | 145.4 ± 82.1 | 129.0 ± 56.0 | 170.3 ± 106.2 |
NSE on day 2, ng/mL, median [Q1–Q3] | 24.0 [17.8–36.8] | 47.0 [18.8–172.3] | - | 21.2 [13.8–33.1] | 23.9 [19.6–30.0] |
NSE on day 3, ng/mL, median [Q1–Q3] | 21.3 [14.9–45.0] | 43.3 [17.3–199.7] | - | 16.7 [12.2–26.0] | 21.8 [17.0–34.3] |
Natremia, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 137.5 ± 4.7 | 137.5 ± 5.7 | 137.7 ± 3.7 | 136.9 ± 3.2 | 137.7 ± 3.4 |
Normonatremia, n (%) | 893 (78.7) | 408 (72.9) | 295 (85.5) | 95 (79.2) | 95 (86.4) |
Hyponatremia, n (%) | 211 (18.6) | 125 (22.3) | 46 (13.3) | 25 (20.8) | 15 (13.6) |
Hypernatremia, n (%) | 31 (2.7) | 27 (4.8) | 4 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
Potassium, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 4.3 ± 1.0 | 4.5 ± 1.1 | 4.1 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 4.1 ± 0.7 |
Urea, mmol/L, mean ± SD | 8.7 ± 7.4 | 9.7 ± 6.9 | 8.2 ± 9.5 | 6.5 ± 2.5 | 7.3 ± 4.3 |
Normo-osmolality, n (%) | 490 (67.1) | 299 (59.0) | - | 96 (84.2) | 95 (87.2) |
Hypo-osmolality, n (%) | 80 (10.9) | 65 (12.8) | - | 9 (7.9) | 6 (5.5) |
Hyperosmolality, n (%) | 160 (21.9) | 143 (28.2) | - | 9 (7.9) | 8 (7.3) |
mCAHP score, median [Q1–Q3] | 90.8 [73.1–106.5] | 100.9 [88.8–112.5] | 70.7 [54.5–84.2] | - | 71.2 [57.6–85.2] |