Epidemiology of ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Table 3 Logistic regression of risk factors for 90-day mortality^{^}

	Odds ratio	95% CI	p value
Age (years)	1.036	1.032–1.039	< 0.0001
Center volume per year	0.990	0.987–0.993	< 0.0001
Year of ECMO support
2019^a	0.872	0.760–1.002	0.05
2020^a	0.929	0.807–1.068	0.30
2021^a	0.862	0.748–0.903	0.04
Aortic cannulation	0.911	0.804–1.052	0.18
ABG related factors
24-h PaO₂ (mmHg)	1.001	1.001–1.002	< 0.0001
ΔPaCO₂ (mmHg)	1.000	0.997–1.003	0.79
24-h blood pump flow rate (L/minute)	1.077	1.020–1.138	0.008
ECMO duration (days)	1.019	1.011–1.027	< 0.0001
Neurological complications
Cardiac arrhythmia	1.075	0.925–1.249	0.34
Cardiopulmonary bypass	1.006	0.890–1.136	0.93
Gastrointestinal hemorrhage	1.722	1.328–2.239	< 0.0001
Hemolysis (moderate-to-severe)	1.315	0.966–1.785	0.08
Hemorrhagic stroke	2.918	1.961–4.396	< 0.0001
Ischemic stroke	2.987	2.299–43.902	< 0.0001
Neurosurgical intervention	1.846	0.459–8.014	0.39
Pump failure	1.154	0.569–2.308	0.69
Renal replacement therapy	2.105	1.885–2.350	< 0.0001

Bolded text: Statistically significant with p < 0.05
Abbreviations: ^{^}:12,327 patients from 2018 to 2021 with complete mortality data; ^a: Year 2018 was used as the dummy variable, as the year of ECMO support was used as a categorical variable; ΔPaCO₂: change in arterial carbon dioxide pressure between pre-ECMO and 24-h post-cannulation; 24-h PaO₂: 24-h post-cannulation arterial oxygen pressure; ABG: arterial blood gas; CI: confidence interval; ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

ISSN: 1364-8535