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Table 1 Baseline demographic data and cardiac arrest characteristics

From: Quantitative analysis of early apparent diffusion coefficient values from MRIs for predicting neurological prognosis in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: an observational study

Characteristics

Overall cohort, n = 131

Good neurological outcome, n = 57

Poor neurological outcome, n = 74

P-valuea

Age, years

56 (42–70)

56 (51–60)

57 (53–61)

0.92

Female sex

34 (26)

10 (18)

24 (32)

0.07

CCI score

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

2.0 (0.0–4.0)

2.0 (1.0–4.0)

0.52

Preexisting illness

    

 Coronary artery disease

21 (16.0)

12 (21.1)

9 (12.2)

0.23

 Congestive heart disease

9 (6.9)

6 (10.5)

3 (4.1)

0.18

 Hypertension

47 (35.9)

20 (35.1)

27 (36.5)

0.87

 Diabetes mellitus

39 (29.8)

17 (29.8)

22 (29.7)

0.99

 Pulmonary disease

7 (5.3)

1 (1.8)

6 (8.1)

0.14

 Renal disease

17 (13.0)

7 (12.3)

10 (13.5)

0.84

 Liver cirrhosis

4 (3.1)

1 (1.8)

3 (4.1)

0.63

 Malignancy

6 (4.6)

3 (5.3)

3 (4.1)

0.74

Cardiac arrest characteristics

    

 Witnessed arrest

80 (61.1)

49 (86.0)

31 (41.9)

 < 0.001

 Bystander CPR

92 (70.2)

47 (82.5)

45 (60.8)

0.007

 Shockable rhythm

45 (34.4)

36 (63.2)

9 (12.2)

 < 0.001

 Cardiac aetiology

52 (39.7)

36 (63.2)

16 (21.6)

 < 0.001

 No-flow time, min

11.9 (0.0–13.0)

2.6 (1.1–4.2)

19.0 (8.2–29.8)

 < 0.001

 Low-flow time, min

22.7 (10.0–31.0)

13.3 (11.1–15.4)

30.0 (26.8–33.1)

 < 0.001

Target temperature

   

0.01

 33 ℃

111 (84.7)

43 (75.4)

68 (91.9)

 

 36 ℃

20 (15.3)

14 (24.6)

6 (8.1)

 

Time from ROSC to scan, h

    

 Magnetic resonance imaging

2.9 (2.0–3.9)

3.1 (2.6–3.6)

3.2 (2.9–3.6)

0.33

 Computed tomography

1.2 (1.1–1.3)

1.2 (0.7–1.8)

1.5 (0.9–2.5)

0.13

Systemic hypoxic injury severity

    

 Lactic acid, mmol/L

4.0 (3.4–4.6)

2.4 (1.9–2.9)

5.1 (4.2–6.0)

 < 0.001

Predictors of neurological outcome

    

 Presence of pupillary light reflex

78 (60)

50 (88)

28 (38)

 < 0.001

 Serum NSE, ng/ml

32.4 (21.8–52.2)

23.8 (18.5–30.0)

44.0 (29.7–75.1)

 < 0.001

 Grey-to-white matter ratio

1.23 (1.18–1.30)

1.27 (1.21–1.31)

1.21 (1.16–1.27)

 < 0.001

  1. Continuous and categorical variables are presented as median (interquartile range) and number (%), respectively
  2. CCI Charlson comorbidity index, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, IQR interquartile range, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, NSE neuron-specific enolase
  3. aP values are based on χ2 test for categorical variables and Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables
  4. bNumber of patients included in the analysis
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