Table 2 Clinical characteristics and outcomes of Subclass 1 and Subclass 2

Demographics

Age-years ‡

11.4 ± 5.3

7.0 ± 5.1

0.004*

Male**

9 (42.9%)

13 (52.0%)

0.54

Race**

0.23

    White

15 (71.4%)

15 (60%)

    Black

2 (9.5%)

7 (28%)

    Asian

3 (14.3%)

1 (4%)

    American Indian

1 (4.8%)

0 (0%)

    Mixed

0 (0%)

1 (4%)

    Declined or Unknown

0 (0%)

1 (4%)

Baseline clinical characteristics

    PRISM Score ‡

15.1 ± 7.5

12.4 ± 9.3

0.25

    Average blood glucose (mg/dl) ll

134 (123–170)

116 (105–125)

0.021*

    Clinical Trial Allocation (two groups total, n assigned to group 2)**

15 (71.4%)

13 (52.0%)

0.17

Baseline primary reasons for admission**

0.12

    Cardiovascular (including shock)

5 (23.8%)

6 (24.0%)

    Following elective procedure

0 (0%)

2 (8.0%)

    Following emergent procedure

2 (9.5%)

0 (0%)

    Gastrointestinal or Liver

3 (14.3%)

0 (0%)

    Neurologic

0 (0%)

1 (4.0%)

    Respiratory (including infections)

11 (52.4%)

16 (64.0%)

Baseline primary reasons for mechanical ventilation**

0.78

    Acute respiratory failure related to sepsis

13 (61.9%)

10 (40.0%)

    Aspiration pneumonia

0 (0%)

1 (4.0%)

    Asthma or reactive airway disease

1 (4.8%)

2 (8.0%)

    Bronchiolitis

1 (4.8%)

1 (8.0%)

    Neurologic

1 (4.8%)

1 (4.0%)

    Pneumonia/hypoxia

4 (19.0%)

7 (28.0%)

    Procedural

1 (4.8%)

3 (12.0%)

Maximum PELOD score‡

18.8 ± 2.2

13.0 ± 1.4

0.026 *

Maximum vasoactive-inotrope score‡

21.5 ± 5.0

9.8 ± 2.7

0.045*

ICU length of stay from randomization to discharge (days) ‡

24.0 ± 5.0

10.4 ± 2.2

0.021*

Hospital-free days through day 28 (days) ‡

5.7 ± 1.5

11.1 ± 1.4

0.011*

Mortality (death at 90 days) §

1 (4.8%)

2 (8.0%)

0.999