Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of Septic Shock Cases and Controls

Demographics

Age- years ‡

5.5 ± 4.9

9.0 ± 5.6

Male §

31 (59.6%)

22 (47.8%)

Race §

34 (65.4%)

30 (65.2%)

White

34 (65.4%)

30 (65.2%)

 Black

15 (28.8%)

9 (19.6%)

 Asian

0 (0.0%)

4 (8.7%)

 American Indian

0 (0.0%)

1 (2.2%)

 Mixed

1 (1.9%)

1 (2.2%)

 Declined or Unknown

2 (3.8%)

1 (2.2%)

Clinical characteristics

 PRISM Score ‡

9.1 ± 7.8

13.6 ± 8.5

 Average Blood Glucose ‡

122.9 ± 30.7

132.0 ± 34.8

 Steroid Use §

36 (69.2%)

37 (80.4%)

Primary reason for admission to intensive care unit §

 Cardiovascular (including shock)

1 ( 1.9%)

11 (23.9%)

 Respiratory

26 (50.0%)

27 (58.7%)

 Following elective procedure

7 (13.5%)

2 ( 4.3%)

 Following Emergent Procedure

1 ( 1.9%)

2 ( 4.3%)

 Gastrointestinal or Liver

0 ( 0.0%)

3 ( 6.5%)

 Metabolic

1 ( 1.9%)

0 ( 0.0%)

 Neurologic

8 (15.4%)

1 ( 2.2%)

 Oncologic

1 ( 1.9%)

0 ( 0.0%)

 Trauma

7 (13.5%)

0 ( 0.0%)

Reason for initiating mechanical ventilation §

 Acute respiratory failure related to sepsis

0 ( 0.0%)

23 (50.0%)

 Aspiration pneumonia

1 ( 1.9%)

1 ( 2.2%)

 Asthma or reactive airway disease

8 (15.4%)

3 ( 6.5%)

 Bronchiolitis

8 (15.4%)

2 ( 4.3%)

 Laryngotracheobronchitis

2 ( 3.8%)

0 ( 0.0%)

 Neurologic

11 (21.2%)

2 ( 4.3%)

 Pneumonia/hypoxia

0 ( 0.0%)

11 (23.9%)

 Procedural

17 (32.7%)

4 ( 8.7%)

 Pulmonary Edema

2 ( 3.8%)

0 ( 0.0%)

 Thoracic Trauma

3 ( 5.8%)

0 ( 0.0%)

Clinical trial allocation (two groups) §

  Group 1 (lower target blood glucose 80–110 mg/dL)

23 (44.2%)

18 (39.1%)

  Group 2 (higher target blood glucose 150–180 mg/dL)

29 (55.8%)

28 (69.1%)