Table 2 Summary of assessment instruments for post-intensive care syndrome
Domain | Assessment instruments | Items | Score rage | Reliability | Validity | MICD | Features |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Physical | 6-min walk test | 1 | – | 0.72–0.99 [19]a | 0.59 [20] | 10% [21] | The value depends on age, sex, body weight, and height |
MRC (Medical Research Council) score | 12 | 0–60 | 0.83–0.99 [22] | 0.64 [23] | – | Muscle strength by manual muscle strength at 12 points | |
Grip Strength | 1 | – | 0.87–0.92 [24] | 0.76 [25] | 5.7–12.5 [24] | Muscle strength by a grip dynamometer | |
Cognitive | Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) | 8 | 0–30 | 0.92 [26] | 0.87 [26] | 2 [27] | Visuospatial/executive, naming, memory, attention, language, abstraction, delayed recall, orientation |
Mini-Mental State Examination ( MMSE) | 11 | 0–30 | 0.56–0.93 [28] | 0.43–0.99 [29] | 1–3 [30]b | Registration, attention, calculation, recall, language, ability to follow simple commands, orientation | |
Short Memory Questionnaire ( SMQ) | 14 | 4–46 | – | – | – | Short-term memory, remote memory, cognition, orientation, calculation | |
Mental | Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) | 14 | 0–21 | 0.86–0.90 [31]c | 0.88–0.93 [32] | 1.5 [33]c | Anxiety/Depression |
Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) | 22 | 0–4 (average) | 0.86 [34] | – | 4.0 [35] | PTSD | |
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) | 9 | 0–27 | 0.84–0.89 [36] | 0.73 [36] | 5 [37] | Depression | |
ADL | Barthel Index | 10 | 0–100 | 0.89–0.97 [38] | 0.57–0.88 [39] | 1.85 [40]d | Feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowels, bladder, toilet, transfer, mobility, stairs |
Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) | 8 | 0–8 | 0.92 [41] | 0.26–0.84 [41] | – | Telephone, shopping, preparing food, housekeeping, laundry, transportation, medication, finance | |
Functional Independence Measure (FIM) | 13 | 13–91 | 0.83 [42] | –0.907 [42] | 44 [43] | Self-care, toilet, transfer, locomotion, communication, social | |
QOL | Short Form-36 ( SF-36) | 36 | 0–100 | 0.63–0.81 [44] | 0.24–0.61 [45]e | 2–6 [46] | Usage fee required, physical, pain, general health, vitality, social, emotional, mental |
EQ-5D-5L, 5D-3L, VAS | 5 | 0–1 | 0.52–0.93 [47] | 0.38–0.75 [48] | 0.06–0.08 [49] | Mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression | |
SF-12 | 12 | 0–100 | 0.77–0.89 [50] | 0.43–0.93 [50] | – | Usage fee required, physical, pain, general health, vitality, social, emotional, mental | |
Sleep | Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) | 9 | 0–21 | 0.86 [51]f | 0.80 [52]g | 4.4 [53]h | Sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbance, medication, daytime sleep dysfunction |
Pain | Brief Pain Inventory | 9, 32 | 1–10 | 0.80 [54] | – | – | General, mood, walking, work, social, sleep, enjoyment |
Family | SF-36 | 36 | 0–100 | – | – | – | QOL |
HADS | 14 | 0–14 | – | – | – | Anxiety/depression | |
IES-R | 22 | 0–4 (average) | – | – | – | PTSD |