Table 1 Patients’ characteristics, clinical information, GCS at admission, GOSE outcome distribution, CT findings, and Marshall CT Classification

Sex

Male/Female

48/11

Age

Mean (± SD)

50 ± 20.6

Weight

Mean (± SD)

82 ± 19.0

Admission type

  ER

  ICU

n (%)

19 (32.3)

40 (67.7)

Severity (ISS)

Mean (± SD)

43.3 ± 19

Intubated

Yes (%)*

40 (67.7)

Hypoxia

Yes (%)*

8 (13.5)

Hypotension

Yes (%)*

9 (15.2)

Paralytic agent

Yes (%)*

30 (50.8)

Loss of consciousness

Yes (%)*

40 (67.7)

 GCS (total)

 GCS-Motor

 GCS-Eye

 GCS-Verbal

Mean (± SD)

5.46 ± 2.27

2.87 ± 2.07

1.54 ± 1.02

0.98 ± 0.71

GCS (categorized)

 GCS 3–4

 GCS 5–6

 GCS 7–8

n (%)**

26 (44)

6 (6.7)

26 (44)

GOSE

  3-month

   Poor

 Good

 6-month

 Poor

   Good

  12-month

   Poor

   Good

n (%)^ŧ

44 (74.5)

35 (59.3)

9 (15.2)

22 (37.2)

9 (15.2)

13 (22)

29 (49.7)

14 (23.7)

15 (25.4)

GOSE 1 & 2 (3 month)

n (%)

21 (35.5)

 CT findings

 Diffuse Axonal Injury

 Mild Shift

 Skull Fracture

 Cerebral edema

 Contusion

 Intracranial hemorrhage

 Epidural hemorrhage

 Subdural hemorrhage

 Arachnoid hemorrhage

(Yes/No) ^{ŧ ŧ}

35/7

14/26

28/14

10/32

18/24

26/16

5/37

30/12

32/10

Marshall score

 I

 II

 III

 IV

 V

n (%)

1(2.3)

23 (54.7)

6 (14.2)

5 (11.9)

7 (16.6)