Fig. 2
From: Management of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome: a primer
Advanced methods of PEEP titration. A The stress index, based on the pressure–time curve during constant flow (square-wave) volume-control ventilation. B Electrical impedance tomography with a proposed decremental PEEP titration. The top image depicts global tidal impedance where white indicates the highest volume change, and the bottom image depicts areas of alveolar over-distension (orange) and collapse (white). C Esophageal manometry and associated transpulmonary pressure targets. PEEPODCL, PEEP with least over-distended and collapsed lung; PL, transpulmonary pressure; SI, stress index. Created with BioRender.com