Moderate exercise-induced dynamics on key sepsis-associated signaling pathways in the liver

Osuru, Hari Prasad; Ikeda, Keita; Atluri, Navya; Thiele, Robert H.

doi:10.1186/s13054-023-04551-1

Critical Care

Table 1 Summary of the major observed effect in sepsis and exercise training male and female rat liver tissue and serum samples organized by group

From: Moderate exercise-induced dynamics on key sepsis-associated signaling pathways in the liver

Male rats (♂) expression levels											Female rats (♀)expression levels
Gl vs G2	Gl vs GS	Gl vs G4	Gl vs G5	Gl vs G6	G3 vs G4	G4 vs G5	G4 vs G6	Marker	Gl vs G2	Gl vs G3	Gl vs G4	Gl vs G5	Gl vs G6	G3 vs G4	G4 vs G5	G4 vs G6
								Antioxidant
0.68^ns	0.05^ns	1.66↓	0.5^ns	0.2^ns	1.1↓	1.1↑	1.4↑	Total SOD activity (U/mg)	1.7↑	0.84^ns	1.79↓	0.37^ns	0.18^ns	1.6↓	1.4↑	1.6↑
44.6↑	54.5↑	29.1↓	33.9^ns	18.2^ns	83.7↓	63.1↑	47.4↑	SOD1 (%)	37.1^ns	42.7↑	30.5↓	28.5^ns	24.8^ns	73.3↓	59.8↑	55.4↑
4.7^ns	2^ns	50.2↑	28.6↑	26.5↑	48.1↑	21.5^ns	23.6^ns	SOD2 (%)	16^ns	27.8^ns	87.0↑	40.3^ns	44.5↑	59.2↑	46.6↓	42.5↓
38.9↑	14.9^ns	20.6↓	19.9^ns	14.9^ns	35.5↓	40.5↑	35.5↑	SOD3 (%)	35.3↑	19.6^ns	21.5↓	22.8^ns	26.7^ns	40.7↓	44↑	47↑
11.1^ns	8.8^ns	28.1↓	7.7^ns	14.9^ns	36.9↓	20.4^ns	13.2^ns	CAT (%)	1.7^ns	2.8^ns	28.4↓	3.0^ns	18.3↓	25.56↓	25.4↑	10.1^ns
0.01^ns	0.001	0.21↓	0.02^ns	0.15↓	0.21↓	0.18↑	0.05↑	AO (mM)	0.03^ns	0.002^ns	0.30↓	0.03^ns	0.20↓	0.30↓	0.26↑	0.09↑
								Inflammatory and lactate
0.06^ns	4.6↑	30.8↑	10.1↑	7.0↑	26.2↑	20.6↓	23.7↓	TNFa (pg/ml)	1.4^ns	0.33 ns	26.4↑	10.2↑	10.3↑	26.0↑	16.1↓	16.1↓
61.7↓	31.5↑	342↑	5.42^ns	37↑	311↑	337↓	305↓	IL-6 (pg/ml)	80.5↓	13.8^ns	223↑	64↓	55↓	210↑	288↓	279↓
31.2^ns	45.0^ns	121↑	35.5^ns	36.0^ns	76↑	85.4↓	85.0↓	TLR4 (%)	33.1^ns	39.1^ns	124↑	51.2^ns	14.7^ns	85.5↑	73.5↓	139↓
39.6^ns	48.8^ns	181↑	105↑	96.0↑	133↑	76.6↓	85.8↓	NFKB2 (%)	15.8^ns	3.2^ns	171↑	64^ns	75.3↑	175.1↑	107↓	96.5↓
0.02^ns	0.02^ns	1.52↑	0.74↑	1.7↑	1.51↑	0.79↓	0.16^ns	Lactate (mmol/L)	0.21^ns	0.32^ns	2.59↑	0.79↑	3.5↑	2.92↑	1.80↓	0.90^ns
								Hypoxia -stress response
114^ns	195↑	564↑	177^ns	26.7^ns	368↑	387↓	537↓	Hifla (%)	36^ns	76^ns	238↑	89^ns	16^ns	162↑	149↓	255↓
9.1^ns	30.9^ns	93.3↑	29.5^ns	6.1^ns	62.4↑	63.8↓	87.1↓	VESFa (%)	12.1^ns	9.0^ns	34.2↑	5.4^ns	4.3^ns	25.1↑	28.7↓	29.8↓
9.9^ns	4.1^ns	42.3↓,	7.9^ns	19.1^ns	38.2↓	34.3↑	23.2↑	Bcl2 (%)	9.6^ns	3.0^ns	24 6 ↓	20.7^ns	1.4^ns	27.7↓	3.8^ns	23.1↑
37.3↓	33.3↓	46.2↑	38.3↓	20.5^ns	79.6↑	84.5↓	66.7↓	NOX2 (%)	41.3↓	19.7^ns	69.7↑	19.5^ns	32.7↓	89.5↑	89.2↓	102↓
6.5^ns	2.6^ns	12.3^ns	3.1^ns	14.l^ns	15.0^ns	15.5^ns	1.7^ns	LDHA (%)	12.1^ns	9.0^ns	34.2↑	5.4^ns	4.3^ns	25.1↑	28.7↓	29.8↓
								Hif1a-target proteins
71.2↑	166↑	254↑	135↑	56.4↑	88.2↑	118↓	197↓	mTOR (%)	27.3^ns	68.8↑	128↑	30.9^ns	4^ns	59.4↑	97.3↓	124↓
20.5↑	14.8^ns	21.8↓	0.2^ns	10.1^ns	36.6↓	21.6↑	11.6^ns	AMPK (%)	17.4^ns	14.1^ns	54.5↓	11.8^ns	36.0↓	40.4↓	42.7↑	18.5^ns
1.5^ns	3.0^ns	25.1↓	5,7^ns	12^ns	22.1↓	30.9↑	37.1↑	AKT (%)	4.4^ns	0.8^ns	28.3↓	13.9^ns	1.1^ns	29.1↓	42.5↑	18.1^ns
0.7^ns	7.9^ns	21.4↑	4.0^ns	22.11^ns	29.4↑	25.4↓	43.5↓	PRKG1 (%)	10.5^ns	8.4^ns	57.8↑	6.4^ns	12.4^ns	49.3↑	51.3↓	70.3↓
10.4^ns	4.4^ns	193↓	3.5^ns	25.2↓	14.9↓	15.7↑	5.9^ns	PDE5a (%)	3.9^ns	8.3^ns	26.5↓	13.4^ns	12^ns	18.2^ns	13.1^ns	14.5^ns
								NRF-2 signaling proteins
14.0↑	17.4^ns	37.1↓	20^ns	19.7^ns	54.6↓	57.1↑	56.8↑	NRF2 (%)	25.3↑	27.0↑	21.0↓	8.6 ns	13.1^ns	48.0↓	29.1↑	34.1↑
14.6^ns	23.2^ns	113↑	35.3^ns	13.3^ns	90.3↑	78.3↓	100↓	Keap1 (%)	27.2^ns	62.3↑	139.5↑	77.8↑	30.9^ns	77.2↑	61.7↓	108.6↓
8.2^ns	9.3^ns	36.2↓	5.1^ns	3.6^ns	45.6↓	31.0↑	32.6↑	Nqo1 (%)	17.7^ns	18.7^ns	27.9↓	4.9^ns	6.2^ns	46.6↓	32.9↑	21.6↑
51.8↑	8.1^ns	18.8↓	18.4^ns	1.6^ns	26.9↓	37.2↑	17.1^ns	p62/sqstm1 (%)	20.7↑	5.9^ns	38.8↓	7.1^ns	7.2^ns	44.8↓	31.7↑	31.6↑
2.8^ns	5.3^ns	326↑	215↑	226↑	↑321	no↓	99.6↓	HO-1 (%)	6.3^ns	91.5↑	712↑	408↑	257↑	620↑	304↓	455↓
								Response to stress
28^ns	82.5↑	165↑	87.6↑	48.9^ns	82.4↑	77.3↓	116↓	AGE (%)	19.5^ns	37.4^ns	124↑	30.7^ns	3.4^ns	87↑	93.7↓	127↓
44.1^ns	139↑	254↑	136↑	152↑	95.6↑	91.7↓	102↓	RAGE (%)	2.2^ns	36.2^ns	99.6↑	27.3^ns	27.5^ns	63.4^ns	72.2↓	72.1↓
2.8^ns	5.8^ns	20.4↑	3.7^ns	1.5^ns	26.3↑	16.6↓	18.9↓	MARK (%)	4,1^ns	8.9^ns	58.5↑	26.9↑	14.3^ns	49.5↑	31.6↓	44.2↓
12.9^ns	9.6^ns	52.2↑	6.4^ns	1.8^ns	42.6↑	45.7↓	54.1↓	NOS3 (%)	15.8^ns	17.5^ns	55.1↑	20.6^ns	2.6	37.6↑	34.5↓	57.8↓
18.8^ns	59.9↑	130↑	46.3^ns	9.8^ns	70.5↑	84.1↓	120↓	NOS2 (%)	42.2↑	60.7↑	158↑	42.8^ns	20.6^ns	97.3↑	115↓	137↓
5.4^ns	71.7^ns	229↑	171↑	420↑	157↑	57.6^ns	190↑	HP (%)	30.6^ns	92.5^ns	338↑	325↑	636↑	246↑	13.5^ns	297↑
0.02^ns	0.06^ns	1.38↑	0.16↑	0.04^ns	1.32↑	1.21↓	1.34↓	cf-HB (g/dl, serum)	0.04^ns	0.34^ns	1.95↑	0.03^ns	0.19^ns	1.60↑	1.9↓	1.7↓
61.3↑	2.2^ns	37.6↑	7.2↑	6.5↑	35.4↑	30.4↓	31.1↓	PC (nmol/mg protein)	3.1↑	2.0↓	2.6↑	0.5^ns>	1.4↓	4.7↑	3.2↓	4.1↓
2.1↓	3.1↓	2.6↑	3↓	1.3↓	5.8↑	5.7↓	4↓	NO (µ mole/L)	0.9^ns	0.8^ns	3.1↑	2.7↓	0.4^ns	3.9↑	5.8↓	2.6↓
0.0005^ns	0.007^ns	0.0455↑	0.0176↑	0.0168↑	0.0378↑	0.0278↓	0.0286↓	Nitrotyrosine (µ m⁻²)	0.0005^ns	0.0023^ns	0.0398↑	0.0117↑	0.0127↑	0.0375↑	0.0281↓	0.0270↓
11.6^ns	10.5^ns	110↑	0.8^ns	22^ns	99↑	110↓	132↓	S-nitrosylation (%)	35.3^ns	18.5^ns	81.1↑	22.9^ns	16^ns	62.6↑	58.2↓	97.1↓
19.4^ns	16.5^ns	27.3↓	34.5^ns	25.5^ns	43.9↓	61.9↑	52.9↑	GSNOR (%)	35.3^ns	28.6^ns	21.1↓	46.1↑	30.3^ns	49.8↓	67.3↑	51.5↑

↑, increased; ↓, decreased; ns, no significant change

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