Table 4 Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of a novel biomarker using the cut-off values of previous studies
Biomarkers | Time (h) | Cuttoff value | Sensitivity of original study | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | PPV (95% CI) | NPV (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TTM Trial, 100% specificity | |||||||
Tau | 24 | 874.5 | 4 (2–6) | 7.9 (1.7–21.4) | 100 (92.0–100) | 100 | 55.7 (53.4–58.0) |
48 | 148.8 | 33 (28–38) | 27.0 (13.8–44.1) | 97.6 (87.4–99.9) | 90.9 (57.3–98.7) | 60.3 (55.4–65.0) | |
72 | 72.7 | 42 (36–48) | 36.1 (20.8–53.8) | 97.7 (87.7–99.9) | 92.9 (64.1–99.0) | 64.6 (58.7–70.1) | |
NFL | 24 | 1232 | 53 (41–64) | 36.8 (2.8–54.0) | 100 (92.0–100) | 100 | 64.7 (59.0–70.0) |
48 | 1539 | 65 (55–74) | 58.3 (40.8–74.5) | 97.6 (87.4–99.9) | 95.5 (74.8–99.3) | 73.2 (64.9–80.1) | |
72 | 1756 | 64 (53–74) | 62.9 (44.9–78.5) | 100 (91.8–100) | 100 | 76.8 (68.3–83.6) | |
GFAP | 24 | 3425 | 17 (13–21) | 41.2 (24.7–59.3) | 100 (92.0–100) | 100 | 68.8 (62.4–74.5) |
48 | 2952 | 19 (15–24) | 46.9 (29.1–65.3) | 97.6 (87.4–99.9) | 93.8 (67.6–99.1) | 70.7 (63.5–77.0) | |
72 | 3581 | 12 (9–17) | 48.5 (30.8–66.5) | 100 (91.8–100) | 100 | 71.7 (664.5–77.9) | |
UCH-L1 | 24 | 12,175 | 4 (2–7) | 2.6 (0.1–13.5) | 100 (92.0–100) | 100 | 53.7 (52.4–54.9) |
48 | 7945 | 9 (6–12) | 2.7 (0.1–14.2) | 100 (91.6–100) | 100 | 53.9 (52.5–55.2) | |
72 | 9170 | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–9.7) | 100 (91.8–100) | 54.4 (54.4–54.4) | ||
COMACARE Trial, 99% specificity | |||||||
Tau | 0 | 206 | 0 | 12.2 (4.6–24.8) | 97.5 (86.8–99.9) | 85.7 (43.0–98.0) | 47.6 (44.7–50.5) |
24 | 40 | 21 (8–34) | 34.2 (19.6–51.4) | 95.5 (84.5–99.4) | 86.7 (61.0–96.4) | 62.7 (57.0–68.1) | |
48 | 16 | 75 (61–89) | 51.4 (34.4–68.1) | 90.5 (77.4–97.3) | 82.6 (64.0–92.7) | 67.9 (59.9–74.9) | |
72 | 10 | 88 (77–99) | 69.4 (51.9–83.7) | 95.4 (84.2–99.4) | 92.6 (76.1–98.0) | 78.9 (69.4–86.0) | |
NFL | 24 | 127 | 78 (65–92) | 81.6 (65.7–92.3) | 70.5 (54.8–83.2) | 70.5 (59.6–79.4) | 81.6 (68.8–89.9) |
48 | 263 | 83 (71–96) | 83.3 (67.2–93.6) | 88.1 (74.4–96.0) | 85.7 (72.2–93.2) | 86.1 (74.7–92.8) | |
72 | 344 | 85 (73–97) | 85.7 (69.7–95.2) | 93.0 (80.9–98.5) | 90.9 (76.9–96.8) | 88.9 (78.0–94.8) | |
GFAP | 0 | 3330 | 0 | 17.0 (7.7–30.8) | 100 (91.2–100) | 100 | 50.6 (47.4–53.9) |
24 | 8018 | 13 (2–24) | 32.4 (17.4–50.5) | 100 (92.0–100) | 100 | 65.7 (60.3–70.7) | |
48 | 6262 | 19 (7–32) | 43.8 (26.4–62.3) | 97.6 (87.4–99.9) | 93.3 (66.0–99.0) | 69.5 (62.6–75.7) | |
72 | 4235 | 29 (14–45) | 48.5 (30.8–66.5) | 100 (91.8–100) | 100 | 71.7 (64.5–77.9) | |