Skip to main content

Table 3 Demographics and ventilatory settings of patients with COVID-19 versus non-COVID-19 ARDS stratified by acute kidney injury (AKI) stage

From: Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies

 

COVID-19 ARDS CCCC cohort (n = 1699)a

Non-COVID-19 ARDS LUNG-SAFE cohort (n = 1947)a

p valueb

AKI severity category

 No AKI

1344 (79.0)

1084 (55.4)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

110 (6.5)

319 (16.3)

 

 Stage 2 AKI

94 (5.5)

194 (9.9)

 

 Stage 3 AKI

151 (9.0)

360 (18.4)

 

Age (years)

 No AKI

56 (15)

57 (17)

0.129

 Stage 1 AKI

62 (15)

64 (15)

0.229

 Stage 2 AKI

61 (14)

66 (16)

0.007

 Stage 3 AKI

58 (15)

61 (16)

0.044

Sex (male)

 No AKI

889 (66)

680 (63)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

71 (65)

196 (61)

 

 Stage 2 AKI

58 (62)

119 (61)

 

 Stage 3 AKI

95 (63)

211 (59)

 

Body mass index (kg/m2)

 No AKI

30 (8)

26 (7)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

30 (8)

28 (14)

0.071

 Stage 2 AKI

32 (10)

29 (8)

0.012

 Stage 3 AKI

31 (9)

28 (7)

0.002

Chronic diseased

 No AKI

537 (40)

552 (51)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

58 (53)

192 (60)

 

 Stage 2 AKI

45 (48)

110 (57)

 

 Stage 3 AKI

69 (46)

212 (59)

 

Ventilator settingsc

Fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2, %)

 No AKI

79 (22)

66 (23)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

79 (20)

68 (23)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

86 (21)

70 (24)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

84 (20)

72 (23)

< 0.001

Tidal volume (mL)

 No AKI

398 (121)

508 (126)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

408 (125)

497 (122)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

367 (131)

523 (134)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

397 (140)

496 (125)

< 0.001

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP, cm H2O)

 No AKI

11.6 (3.4)

8.9 (3.4)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

12.0 (3.7)

9.0 (3.2)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

12.1 (4.0)

9.1 (3.3)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

11.4 (4.2)

9.8 (3.8)

< 0.001

Respiratory rate (breaths per minute)

 No AKI

26 (8)

22 (11)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

27 (8)

23 (6)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

27 (9)

23 (7)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

28 (8)

23 (6)

< 0.001

Peak pressure (cm H2O)

 No AKI

25.3 (6.0)

27.8 (8.2)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

25.1 (5.8)

29.1 (8.5)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

26.2 (9.2)

28.9 (8.3)

0.007

 Stage 3 AKI

27.3 (6.1)

29.4 (9.3)

0.004

P/F ratio (%)

 No AKI

127 (84)

149 (63)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

118 (62)

145 (63)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

100 (51)

139 (65)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

109 (77)

138 (62)

< 0.001

PaCO2 (mmHg)

 No AKI

51 (17)

49 (16)

0.003

 Stage 1 AKI

47 (11)

50 (18)

0.041

 Stage 2 AKI

57 (15)

49 (15)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

57 (22)

49 (16)

< 0.001

pH

 No AKI

7.34 (0.12)

7.34 (0.10)

0.999

 Stage 1 AKI

7.26 (0.15)

7.29 (0.12)

0.06

 Stage 2 AKI

7.22 (0.12)

7.25 (0.13)

0.054

 Stage 3 AKI

7.23 (0.14)

7.23 (0.14)

0.999

Sequential organ failure assessment (cardiovascular score)

 No AKI

0.18 (0.45)

2.14 (1.70)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

0.35 (0.48)

2.65 (1.62)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

0.35 (0.61)

3.11 (1.39)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

0.27 (0.58)

3.29 (1.32)

< 0.001

Sequential organ failure assessment (platelet score score)

 No AKI

0.30 (0.75)

1.21 (1.46)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

0.28 (0.64)

1.39 (1.44)

< 0.001

 Stage 2 AKI

0.21 (0.54)

1.37 (1.40)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

0.26 (0.60)

1.79 (1.43)

< 0.001

Outcomes

Length of stay on invasive mechanical ventilation (days)

 No AKI

18 (23)

12 (14)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

16 (14)

12 (13)

0.01

 Stage 2 AKI

15 (17)

11 (12)

0.043

 Stage 3 AKI

12 (13)

13 (15)

0.453

Length of stay in ICU (days)

 No AKI

22 (41)

15 (15)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

10 (74)

14 (15)

0.575

 Stage 2 AKI

20 (19)

12 (12)

< 0.001

 Stage 3 AKI

17 (17)

16 (17)

0.544

ICU mortality

 No AKI

655 (49)

269 (25)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

63 (58)

114 (36)

 

 Stage 2 AKI

68 (74)

104 (54)

 

 Stage 3 AKI

106 (72)

190 (53)

 

Hospital mortality

 No AKI

674 (50)

318 (30)

< 0.001

 Stage 1 AKI

64 (58)

126 (40)

 

 Stage 2 AKI

70 (74)

115 (59)

 

 Stage 3 AKI

106 (72)

209 (58)

 
  1. an (%); Mean (SD)
  2. bPearson's chi-squared test (categorical); independent sample t test (continuous)
  3. cVentilator setting data are the worst scores in first 48 h of invasive mechanical ventilation
  4. dDiabetes, pulmonary disease, immune incompetence, cardiac disease, severe liver disease
Back to article page

Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535