Table 2 Characteristics of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP in the groups with vs. without early corticosteroid therapy
From: Early steroids and ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19-related ARDS
Total N = 670 | Early CSa N = 369 | No early CSa N = 301 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
At least one VAP episode, n (%) | 349 (52.1) | 202 (54.7) | 147 (48.8) | – |
Days from intubation to 1st VAP episode onset, mean (SD) | 9.9 (7.7) | 9.9 (9.0) | 10.0 (5.5) | 0.11 |
Active empirical antibiotic treatment, n (%) | 259 (78.3) | 156 (80.8) | 103 (74.6) | 0.1370 |
Abscess, n (%) | 13 (2.0) | 8 (2.2) | 5 (1.7) | 0.6612 |
Pleural effusion, n (%) | 7 (1.05) | 5 (1.4) | 2 (0.7) | 0.4710 |
Bacteremia during VAP, n (%) | 32 (4.8) | 22 (6.1) | 10 (3.3) | 0.1891 |
2nd VAP episode, n (% patients with 1st VAP episode) | 117 (33.5) | 67 (33.2) | 50 (34.0) | 0.6803 |
Bacterial antibiotic resistance profile for 1st VAP episode (n = 199 and n = 147 with vs. without early CS) | 0.0751 | |||
Normal, n (%) | 240 (72.5) | 139 (72.8) | 101 (72.1) | |
MDR, n (%) | 74 (22.4) | 44 (23.0) | 30 (21.4) | |
XDR, n (%) | 17 (5.1) | 8 (4.2) | 9 (6.4) | |
PDR, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Missing data, n (%) | 15 (4.3) | 8 (4.2) | 7 (4.8) |