Table 3 Overall clinical outcomes
Outcome | All (n = 626) | Early EN (Within 48 h from ICU admission) (n = 526) | Delayed EN (> 48 h from ICU admission) (n = 100) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
PODs + death at day, n (%) | ||||
Day 14 | 329 (52.6) | 264 (50.2) | 65 (65.0) | 0.007 |
Day 28 | 273 (43.6) | 220 (41.8) | 53 (53.0) | 0.04 |
Day 60 | 256 (40.9) | 211 (40.1) | 45 (45.0) | 0.36 |
PODs-free days within 28 days mean ± SD; median [range] | 10.6 ± 10.1 10 [0.0–26.0] | 11.0 ± 10.2 11 [0.0–26.0] | 8.5 ± 9.2 5 [0.0–25.0] | 0.03 |
Days alive and free of vasopressors within the first 12 days, mean ± SD; median [range] | 7.0 ± 3.1 8 [0.0–12.0] | 7.1 ± 3.1 8 [0.0–12.0] | 6.3 ± 3.2 6.5 [0.0–12.0] | 0.007 |
Time (days) from ICU admission until discontinuation of vasopressors within the first 28 days mean ± SD; median [range] | 6.5 ± 5.6 4 [1.0–28.0] | 6.2 ± 5.4 4 [1.0–28.0] | 8.1 ± 6.4 6 [1.0–28.0] | 0.0008 |
Alive and vasopressors free days within the first 28 days mean ± SD; median [range] | 16.7 ± 9.5 21 [0.0–27.0] | 16.9 ± 9.6 21.5 [0.0–27.0] | 15.5 ± 9.2 19 [0.0–27.0] | 0.05 |
Ventilator-free days within 28 days from ICU admission mean ± SD; median [range] | 11.7 ± 9.8 13 [0.0–28.0] | 12.0 ± 9.9 14 [0.0–28.0] | 10.2 ± 9.1 9.5 [0.0–28.0] | 0.17 |
Length (days) of mechanical ventilation in survivors (n), mean ± SD; median [range] | 10.5 ± 11.7 6.1 [0.0–59.5] | 9.8 ± 10.9 6.0 [0.0–59.5] | 13.8 ± 14.5 8.7 [0.8–57.1] | 0.0002 |
ICU-free days within first 28 days mean ± SD; median [range] | 8.7 ± 9.1 5.5 [0.0–26.0] | 9.3 ± 9.2 7 [0.0–26.0] | 5.7 ± 7.9 0.0 [0.0–24.0] | 0.0002 |
Length of RRT (days) in survivors (n), mean ± SD; median [range] | (46) 8.7 ± 8.8 5 [0.0–35.0] | (35) 7.8 ± 7.6 5 [0.0–35.0] | (11) 11.6 ± 11.8 5 [2.0–35.0] | 0.57 |
Length of ICU stay (days) in survivors (n), mean ± SD; median [range] | (364) 14.8 ± 11.7 10.7 [1.1–59.3] | (311) 13.9 ± 11.1 10.1 [1.1–59.3] | (53) 20.3 ± 13.6 16.7 [2.7–58.0] | 0.0001 |
Length of hospital stay (days) amongst survivors (n), mean ± SD; median [range] | (309) 23.3 ± 13.7 20.3 [1.1–72.7] | (265) 22.5 ± 13.3 20 [1.1–67.2] | (44) 28.2 ± 15.3 22.4 [2.7–72.7] | 0.02 |
Mortality | ||||
at day 14 | 126 (20.1%) | 109 (20.7%) | 17 (17.0%) | 0.40 |
at day 28 | 188 (30.0%) | 159 (30.2%) | 29 (29.0%) | 0.81 |
ICU mortality n (%) | 194 (31.0) | 161 (30.6) | 33 (33.0) | 0.55 |
60-Day mortality n (%) | 236 (37.7) | 200 (38.0) | 36 (36.0) | 0.81 |
Readmissions to ICU n (%) | 27 (4.3) | 24 (4.6) | 3 (3.0) | 0.48 |
Readmissions to hospital n (%) | 35 (5.6) | 29 (5.5) | 6 (6.0) | 0.85 |