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Table 2 Long-term outcomes according to the presence of sepsis

From: Comparison of 6-month outcomes of sepsis versus non-sepsis critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation

 

At 3 monthsd

At 6 monthse

p interactionb

Sepsis (n = 282)

No sepsis (n = 606)

Absolute differencea (95% CI)

p value

Sepsis (n = 282)

No sepsis (n = 606)

Absolute differencea (95% CI)

p value

WHODAS score, %

31.8 ± 23.5

24.0 ± 22.0

MD, 3.00 (− 1.42 to 7.42)

0.184

26.1 ± 22.1

21.5 ± 21.1

MD, − 1.40 (− 6.03 to 3.23)

0.554

0.020

Disability—no. (%)

73/129 (56.6)

145/348 (41.7)

RD, 5.88 (− 4.11 to 15.90)

0.248

52/118 (44.1)

126/330 (38.2)

RD, − 2.44 (− 13.08 to 8.20)

0.653

0.111

New disabilityc—no. (%)

50/126 (39.7)

114/344 (33.1)

RD, 5.29 (− 4.45 to 15.00)

0.287

42/106 (39.6)

106/300 (35.3)

RD, 0.00 (− 10.29 to 10.40)

0.995

0.272

New disability or death—no. (%)

146/222 (65.8)

231/461 (50.1)

RD, 5.22 (− 4.52 to 15.00)

0.293

142/206 (68.9)

228/422 (54.0)

RD, 0.83 (− 9.47 to 11.10)

0.874

0.360

EuroQol-visual analogue scale

61.0 ± 24.3

67.4 ± 22.9

MD, − 3.82 (− 8.44 to 0.80)

0.105

66.1 ± 20.7

71.4 ± 20.1

MD, − 1.72 (− 6.67 to 3.23)

0.495

0.394

EQ-5D-5L™ utility

0.6 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 0.3

MD, − 0.07 (− 0.13 to − 0.01)

0.013

0.7 ± 0.3

0.7 ± 0.3

MD, − 0.04 (− 0.10 to 0.02)

0.152

0.268

No problem with anxiety

63/129 (48.8)

195/349 (55.9)

RD, − 7.60 (− 17.50 to 2.31)

0.132

71/118 (60.2)

196/332 (59.0)

RD, 1.85 (− 8.75 to 12.46)

0.732

0.079

No problem with mobility

49/129 (38.0)

204/349 (58.5)

RD, − 11.87 (− 21.80 to − 1.95)

0.019

63/118 (53.4)

220/332 (66.3)

RD, − 4.22 (− 14.90 to 6.45)

0.438

0.182

No problem with pain

51/129 (39.5)

165/349 (47.3)

RD, − 4.61 (− 15.13 to 5.91)

0.390

56/118 (47.5)

171/332 (51.5)

RD, 3.04 (− 8.23 to 14.32)

0.596

0.195

No problem with personal care

66/129 (51.2)

217/349 (62.2)

RD, − 3.84 (− 13.60 to 5.95)

0.442

64/118 (54.2)

230/332 (69.3)

RD, − 6.74 (− 17.20 to 3.75)

0.208

0.591

No problem with usual activities

34/129 (26.4)

117/349 (33.5)

RD, − 3.26 (− 13.40 to 6.87)

0.528

37/118 (31.4)

139/332 (41.9)

RD, − 1.73 (− 12.60 to 9.17)

0.755

0.791

Unemployed due to health

64/129 (49.6)

162/348 (46.6)

RD, 0.33 (− 9.82 to 10.50)

0.949

52/118 (44.1)

135/334 (40.4)

RD, − 0.17 (− 10.64 to 10.30)

0.974

0.911

IES-R

–

–

–

–

12.3 ± 14.4

8.5 ± 12.5

MD, 2.27 (− 2.09 to 6.63)

0.326

–

Post-traumatic stress disorder

–

–

–

–

8/62 (12.9)

9/184 (4.9)

RD, 7.22 (− 1.45 to 15.85)

0.116

–

IADL

–

–

–

–

6.5 ± 2.1

7.1 ± 1.7

MD, − 0.56 (− 1.00 to − 0.14)

0.013

–

Fully independent

–

–

–

–

61/117 (52.1)

214/327 (65.4)

RD, − 10.86 (− 22.67 to 0.38)

0.071

–

MoCA-BLIND

–

–

–

–

18.6 ± 2.8

18.5 ± 3.1

MD, − 0.14 (− 1.17 to 0.89)

0.803

–

Cognitive dysfunction

–

–

–

–

18/61 (29.5)

50/174 (28.7)

RD, − 0.17 (− 15.79 to 15.45)

0.983

–

HADS anxiety

–

–

–

–

4.7 ± 4.7

4.3 ± 4.3

MD, 0.81 (− 0.53 to 2.15)

0.250

–

Anxiety

–

–

–

–

19/73 (26.0)

47/212 (22.2)

RD, 3.12 (− 9.67 to 15.91)

0.644

–

HADS depression

–

–

–

–

4.1 ± 3.6

3.6 ± 3.8

MD, 0.54 (− 0.61 to 1.71)

0.378

–

Depression

–

–

–

–

15/73 (20.5)

36/208 (17.3)

RD, 7.65 (− 4.53 to 19.84)

0.234

–

Financial distress

2.7 ± 3.4

2.4 ± 3.3

MD, 0.11 (− 0.63 to 0.86)

0.766

2.2 ± 3.3

1.8 ± 3.0

MD, 0.02 (− 0.77 to 0.82)

0.954

0.816

  1. Data are mean ± standard deviation or No (%). Percentages may not total 100 because of rounding. Denominators are shown when the overall sample size was not available
  2. MD, mean difference; RD, risk difference
  3. aAll models are mixed-effect models considering the moment of measurement, group, as well as the group x time interaction as fixed effect. Moment of measurement was treated as a categorical variable, and random intercepts for patients and centers were included to account for the dependency of repeated measures and clustering of the data. Between-group comparisons at each time point was estimate with the appropriate contrasts from the model and using a Holm–Bonferroni method to adjust for multiplicity. All models were adjusted by age, sex, ICU admission source, APACHE III score, type of admission (medical vs. surgical), lung transplant patients, trauma, creatinine, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, presence of chronic cardiovascular disease and ICU length of stay. Whenever available, models were further adjusted by the baseline value of the outcome of interest as fixed effect. In all models, the no sepsis group was used as reference (OR > 1 represents increased risk is septic patients, and MD > 1 represents increase in the score in septic patients)
  4. bp value for interaction between sepsis group and moment of measurement
  5. cNew disability defined as a change of WHODAS ≥ 10%
  6. d675 patients were alive at 3 months (186 in the sepsis and 489 in the no sepsis group)
  7. e666 patients were alive at 3 months (182 in the sepsis and 484 in the no sepsis group)
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Critical Care

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