Table 2 Demographic, clinical, angiographic and biochemical characteristics for patients with and without improvement of ischemia (lactate reduction > 2 mmol/l 24 h after intervention)

Age, year

66 (53–73)

55 (45–68)

0.432

Sex, no (%)

0.118

 Male

13 (65.0)

9 (40.9)

 Female

7 (35.0)

13 (59.1)

BMI, kg/m²

26.3 (21.5–29.6)

27.7 (24,4–30,3)

0.331

Comorbidities, no (%)

 Obesity

7 (35.0)

8 (36.4)

0.927

 Hypertension

13 (65.0)

11 (50.0)

0.327

 Diabetes

6 (30.0)

2 (9.1)

0.085

 COPD

3 (15.0)

1 (4.5)

0.249

Heart insufficiency

5 (45.5)

6 (54.5)

0.867

 CAD

9 (45.0)

7 (31.8)

0.380

 CABG

3 (15.0)

1 (4.5)

0.249

 PTCA

5 (25.0)

5 (22.7)

0.863

 CKD

10 (50.0)

5 (22.7)

0.065

Chronic renal replacement therapy

7 (35.0)

3 (13.6)

0.104

 Immunosuppression

3 (15.0)

0 (0)

0.059

 Sepsis, no (%)

20 (100)

22 (100)

–

Side of infection, no (%)

 Pulmo

11 (55.0)

12 (54.5)

0.976

 Abdomen

15 (75.0)

18 (81.8)

0.591

 Urogenital

5 (25.0)

3 (13.6)

0.349

 Soft tissue

5 (25.0)

6 (27.3)

0.867

 Endocarditis

0 (0)

3 (13.6)

0.087

 More than one

13 (65.0)

14 (63.6)

0.927

Identified pathogen, no (%)

 Gram+ 

3 (15.0)

12 (54.5)

0.008

 Gram−

9 (45.0)

11 (50.0)

0.746

 Viral

1 (5.0)

2 (9.1)

0.607

 Fungi

6 (30.0)

5 (22.7)

0.592

 More than one

5 (25.0)

8 (36.4)

0.426

 Non identified

6 (30.0)

5 (22.7)

0.592

At inclusion

SOFA score, points

17 (16–19)

18 (13.5–19)

0.319

Norepinephrine, no (%)

19 (95.0)

21 (95.5)

0.945

Norepinephrine dose, µg/kg/min

0.52 (0.26–0.79)

0.34 (0.18–0.47)

0.021

 Argipressin, no (%)

4 (20.0)

5 (22.7)

0.830

 Dobutamine, no (%)

2 (10.0)

2 (9.1)

0.920

Invasive ventilation, no (%)

17 (85.0)

18 (81.8)

0.782

Oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂)

197 (142–334)

200 (111–271)

0.429

Renal replacement therapy, no (%)

16 (80.0)

16 (50.0)

0.580

 Organ failure, no (%)

respiratory (PaO₂/FiO₂ < 300 mmHg)

19 (95.0)

20 (90.9)

0.607

Coagulation (thrombocytes < 10³/µl)

17 (85.0)

15 (68.2)

0.201

Liver (Bilirubin > 33 μmol/l)

15 (75.0)

17 (77.3)

0.863

Cardiovascular (vasopressor or inotrope)

19 (95.0)

21 (95.5)

0.945

Neurological (GCS < 13)

18 (90.0)

17 (77.3)

0.269

Renal (Creatinine > 170 μmol/l)

18 (90.0)

19 (86.4)

0.716

Multi-organ failure, no (%)

 2

0 (0)

0 (0)

1

 3

1 (5.0)

3 (13.6)

0.341

 4

1 (5.0)

1 (4.5)

0.945

 5

9 (45.0)

7 (31.8)

0.380

 6

9 (45.0)

10 (45.5)

0.976

 pH

7.27 (7.18–7.37)

7.27 (7.17–7.34)

0.606

Bicarbonate, mmol/l

21.5 (19.0–22.0)

18.0 (15.8–21.8)

0.190

Lactate, mmol/l

5.9 (3.4–11.7)

11.4 (8.1–13.5)

0.01

 CK, U/l

1250 (375–2596)

2226 (332–6464)

0.742

 LDH, U/l

823 (499–3722)

1305 (505–4658)

0.410

 AST, U/l

240 (143–940)

427 (138–3570)

0.172

 ALT, U/l

121 (49–294)

136 (58–436)

0.350

Bilirubin, µmol/l

66 (24–134)

85 (49–172)

0.376

Leucocytes, 1000/µl

8.9 (4.8–20.8)

14.5 (10.1–21.7))

0.449

 CRP, mg/l

114 (58–247)

108 (38–159)

0.399

 PCT, µg/l

5.9 (2.1–42.7)

5.4 (1.7–20.7)

0.421

Thrombocytes, 100³/µl

51.0 (22.3–108.8)

71.0 (46.4–158.0)

0.268

 INR

1.53 (1.18–1.94)

1.62 (1.36–2.06)

0.172

 PTT, sec

50.0 (42.3–70.8)

55 (46–63)

0.856

 ATIII, mg/dl

51 (35–56)

45 (37–61)

0.967

After 24 h

SOFA score, points

17 (16–20)

17 (14–19)

0.219

Norepinephrine, no (%)

19 (95.0)

19 (86.4)

0.341

Norepinephrine dose, µg/kg/min

0.45 (0.26–0.93)

0.19 (0.05–0.49)

0.009

 Argipressin, no (%)

4 (20.0)

4 (18.2)

0.881

 Dobutamine, no (%)

2 (10.0)

3 (13.6)

0.716

Invasive ventilation, no (%)

17 (85.0)

18 (81.8)

0.782

Oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂)

236.0 (109.8–294.5)

251.0 (156.0–348.0)

0.314

Organ failure, no (%)

Respiratory (PaO₂/FiO₂ < 300 mmHg)

18 (90.0)

18 (81.8)

0.449

Coagulation (Thrombocytes < 10³/µl)

18 (90.0)

19 (90.5)

0.959

Liver (Bilirubin > 33 μmol/l)

16 (80.0)

17 (81.0)

0.939

Cardiovascular (vasopressor or inotrope)

19 (95.0)

20 (90.9)

0.607

Neurological (GCS < 13)

17 (85.0)

17 (77.3)

0.524

Renal (Creatinine > 170 μmol/l)

18 (90.0)

19 (86.4)

0.716

Multi-organ failure, no (%)

 2

0 (0)

2 (9.1)

0.167

 3

1 (5.0)

0 (0)

0.288

 4

2 (10.0)

2 (9.1)

0.920

 5

7 (35.0)

4 (18.2)

0.216

 6

10 (50.0)

13 (59.1)

0.554

 CK, U/l

1649.0 (672.5–10,904.0)

1412.0 (409.5–8087.5)

0.729

 LDH, U/l

875.0 (329.3–7445.3)

1345.0 (518.5–3389.5)

0.746

 AST U/l

809.0 (261.8–4167.8)

1116.0 (167.5–2850.0)

0.590

 ALT U/l

328.0 (96.0–2169.5)

214.0 (126.0–496.5)

0.510

Bilirubin, µmol/l

77.0 (40.0–125.0)

60.5 (36.8–157.5)

0.709

Leucocytes, 1000/µl

12.1 (6.2–19.3)

13.4 (9.5–20.6)

0.818

 CRP, mg/l

105.5 (65.8–241.0)

108.5 (31.8–194.8)

0.624

 PCT, µg/l

6.4 (1.0–22.7)

4.9 (2.9–22.3)

0.726

Thrombocytes, 1000/µl

60.0 (29.0–105.0)

70 (32–110)

0.777

2D-perfusion angiography (directly pre-vasodilator)

Simplified NOMI score

5 (4–6)

5 (4–7)

0.767

 PD-PV

0.78 (0.27–1.39)

0.62 (0.525–1–59)

0.997

 TTP-PV, sec

11.68 (9.86–12.85)

11.3 (9.9–14.0)

0.749

 AUC-PV

0.57 (0.28–1.30)

0.55 (0.37–1.23)

0.767

 PD-Aorta

0.9 (0.37–2.54)

0.57 (0.27–1.93)

0.916

 TTP-Aorta, sec

6.43 (5.37–9.34)

8.1 (6.1–9.7)

0.474

 AUC-Aorta

0.74 (0.56–2.56)

0.56 (0.27–2.15)

0.703

2D-perfusion angiography (directly post-vasodilator)

Simplified NOMI score

3 (1–3)

2 (1–3)

0.767

PD-PV

1.32 (0.39–1.97)

0.8 (0.4–1.4)

0.189

 TTP-PV, sec

10.7 (9.0–12.2)

10.3 (7.9–11.5)

0.570

 AUC-PV

0.85 (0.43–1.08)

0.64 (0.27–0.81)

0.195

 PD-Aorta

0.55 (0.35–2.19)

0.39 (0.22–1.06)

0.178

 TTP-Aorta, sec

6.43 (5.81–8.12)

8.66 (7.79–11.0)

0.043

 AUC-Aorta

0.61 (0.33–2.44)

0.34 (0.23–0.76)

0.054

 Duration PGE₁, hours

30.0 (21.0–69.5)

79.0 (50.4–141.0)

0.001