Table 1 Characteristics of the studies included in this meta-analysis
First author/year of publication | Country | Location | Patients | Gender (M/F) | Age (year) Mean ± SD | Cases | Tidal volume (mL/kg) | Index test device | Reference standard measurement | Reference standard threshold (%) | Reference standard device |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Monge/2012 [18] | Spanish | ICU | Patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and acute circulatory failure | 16/21 | 64 ± 13 | 37 | 8.1 ± 1.2 | Side stream infrared gas analyzer | CO | ≥ 15 | Cardio Q |
Monnet/2013 [17] | France | ICU | Patients ventilated in the control assisted mode with no inspiratory effort and hemodynamic instability | NA | 60 ± 14 | 40 | 6.4 ± 0.8 | Side stream infrared gas analyzer | CI |   15 | PiCCO |
Zang/2013 [30] | China | ICU | Patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and sepsis shock | 22/20 | Responder: 56.9 ± 16.6 Nonresponder: 57.7 ± 12.3 | 42 | Responder: 7.5 ± 3.6 Nonresponder: 7.7 ± 2.3 | Side stream infrared gas analyzer | CI | ≥ 15 | PiCCO |
Wang/2015 [31] | China | ICU | Patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and sepsis shock | 24/24 | Responder: 52.7 ± 29.4 Nonresponder: 56.7 ± 26.2 | 48 | NA | Side stream infrared gas analyzer | CI | > 10 | PiCCO |
Toupin/2016 [32] | Canada | OR | Patients receiving mechanical ventilation and undergoing cardiac or ascending aortic surgery | 62/28 | Responder: 68 ± 10 Nonresponder: 65 ± 10 | 90 | 6–8 | Side stream infrared gas analyzer | CI | ≥ 15 | PAC |
Yao/2016 [33] | China | ICU | Patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and shock post-cardiac surgery | 27/14 | Responder: 55.4 ± 9.9 Nonresponder: 58.5 ± 9.3 | 41 | 8–10 | NA | CI | ≥ 15 | PiCCO |