Impact of dexamethasone use to prevent from severe COVID-19-induced acute kidney injury

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis for AKI development

	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	OR (AKI)	CI95%	OR (AKI)	CI 95%
Baseline characteristics
Males, No. (%)	0.88	[0.34–2.22]
Age (years), mean (SD)	1.006	[0.97–1.04]	1.02	[0.97–1.07]
BMI, mean (SD)	1.05	[0.98–1.14]
CKD, No. (%)	3.50	[0.82–24.05]	4.10	[0.71–33.79]
Hypertension, No. (%)	2.31	[1.03–5.29]	1.93	[0.66–5.78]
Diabetes, No. (%)	0.76	[0.33–1.77]
Ischemic cardiopathy, No. (%)	1.91	[0.58–7.50]
Chronic respiratory disease, No. (%)	1.15	[0.40–3.44]
Immunosuppression, No. (%)	1.64	[0.41–8.14]
RASi exposure, No. (%)	1.54	[0.67–3.64]
Time between first symptoms and ICU admission (days), mean (SD)	0.97	[0.87–1.07]
In the first 24 h of ICU hospitalization (before AKI development)
SAPS II, median [IQR]	1.04	[1.01–1.07]
Catecholamine use, No. (%)	3	[0.68–20.87]
Mechanical ventilation, No. (%)	8.92	[3.65–23.66]	5.02	[1.68–15.78]
Worst PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, median [IQR]	0.99	[0.98–1]
Intravenous fluid therapy (L), median [IQR]	1.67	[1.20–2.47]	1.35	[0.90–2.14]
Dexamethasone use, No. (%)	0.18	[0.07–0.42]	0.31	[0.09–0.99]

Univariate and multivariate analysis was proceeded using logistic regression. To choose independent variables included in the multivariate model, we allowed one independent variable for every 10 dependent variable’s outcomes analyzed. Independent variables with a p-value < 0.20 in the univariate analysis were taken into consideration, and we kept variables which were previously described to be associated with AKI or highly associated (p < 0.05) with AKI in the univariate analysis. Absence of collinearity was checked
AKI, acute kidney injury; BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile; SAPSII, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; SD, standard deviation; RASi, renin–angiotensin system inhibitor

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