Comparison of host endothelial, epithelial and inflammatory response in ICU patients with and without COVID-19: a prospective observational cohort study

Table 3 Association of plasma biomarkers with hospital mortality among ICU patients, stratified by COVID-19 status

Plasma biomarkers	COVID-19 status	Unadjusted relative risk (95% CI)	p value	Model 1 relative risk (95% CI)	p value	Model 2 relative risk (95% CI)	p value
SAA	Positive	1.17 (0.97, 1.41)	0.11	1.12 (0.92, 1.36)	0.25	1.12 (0.92, 1.35)	0.27
	Negative	0.90 (0.80, 1.02)	0.09	0.89 (0.80, 0.99)	0.04	0.89 (0.80, 0.99)	0.04
Ang-2:1 ratio	Positive	1.09 (0.93, 1.29)	0.28	0.98 (0.85, 1.13)	0.76	0.98 (0.85, 1.14)	0.83
	Negative	1.28 (1.08, 1.52)	0.005	1.20 (1.01, 1.43)	0.03	1.21 (1.02, 1.44)	0.03
Ang-2	Positive	1.26 (0.99, 1.61)	0.06	1.07 (0.87, 1.32)	0.50	1.08 (0.87, 1.34)	0.47
	Negative	1.29 (0.99, 1.68)	0.055	1.20 (0.91, 1.59)	0.19	1.21 (0.92, 1.60)	0.18
sRAGE	Positive	1.23 (0.96, 1.56)	0.10	1.17 (0.97, 1.41)	0.11	1.17 (0.96, 1.41)	0.12
	Negative	1.05 (0.79, 1.40)	0.72	0.97 (0.77, 1.23)	0.80	0.97 (0.77, 1.23)	0.79
sTNFR-1	Positive	1.36 (1.07, 1.72)	0.01	1.17 (0.89, 1.52)	0.26	1.18 (0.90, 1.55)	0.24
	Negative	1.31 (1.05, 1.65)	0.02	1.20 (0.93, 1.54)	0.16	1.21 (0.94, 1.55)	0.14

SAA serum amyloid A, Ang-2:1 ratio angiopoietin-2: angiopoietin-1 ratio, Ang-2 angiopoietin-2, sRAGE soluble form of receptor for advanced glycation end products, sTNFR-1 soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1, APACHE III acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, 95% CI 95% confidence interval. Model 1 adjustment variables: age, gender, body mass index and APACHE III scores. Model 2 adjustment variables: Model 1 and Charlson comorbidity index. Relative risk estimates are for a doubling of biomarker concentrations

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