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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics, COVID-19 therapies, and outcomes

From: Comparison of host endothelial, epithelial and inflammatory response in ICU patients with and without COVID-19: a prospective observational cohort study

Characteristics

ICU COVID-19

Negative

(N = 93)

ICU COVID-19

Positive

(N = 78)

p value

Mean age—year

54.8 (± 16.9)

54.3 (± 17.5)

0.85

Male—no. (%)

55 (59)

56 (72)

0.12

Race—no. (%)

   

 American Indian/Alaska Native

3 (3)

2 (3)

0.25

 Asian

5 (5)

7 (9)

 

 Black/African American

17 (18)

6 (8)

 

 White

59 (63)

56 (72)

 

 Unknown/other

9 (10)

4 (5)

 

Ethnicity—no. (%)

   

 Hispanic or Latino

7 (8)

35 (45)

< 0.001

 Not Hispanic or Latino

79 (85)

42 (54)

 

 Unknown

7 (8)

1 (1)

 

Mean body mass index—kg/m2

30.4 (± 11.2)

29.6 (± 7.3)

0.26

Coexisting disorder—no. (%)

   

 Asthma

21 (23)

10 (13)

0.15

 Cerebrovascular Disease

8 (9)

8 (10)

0.92

 Chronic Kidney Disease

26 (28)

11 (14)

0.04

 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

23 (25)

3 (4)

< 0.001

 Coronary Artery Disease

15 (16)

8 (10)

0.37

 Congestive Heart Failure

18 (19)

8 (10)

0.15

 Diabetes mellitus

29 (31)

22 (28)

0.73

 Hypertension

51 (55)

35 (45)

0.25

Study Enrollment ACTT-1 8-Point Ordinal Scale, n (%)

   

 4 (Hospitalized, no O2 therapy, requiring ongoing medical care)

16 (17)

16 (21)

0.25

 5 (Hospitalized, any supplemental 02)

18 (19)

14 (18)

 

 6 (Non-invasive ventilation or high flow nasal cannula)

15 (16)

13 (17)

 

 7 (invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation)

44 (47)

35 (45)

 

Primary ICU Admission Diagnosis, no. (%)

   

 Pneumonia or respiratory distress/failure

70 (75)

58 (74)

0.39

 Sepsisa

9 (10)

4 (5)

 

 Other

14 (15)

16 (21)

 

ARDS

23 (25)

28 (36)

0.12

APACHE III Score

80.8 (± 29.5)

70.5 (± 28.7)

0.02

Admission PaO2:FIO2 ratio—median (IQR)b

50 (31–70)

70 (45–80)

0.17

Charlson Comorbidity Index

4.7 (2.9)

3.4 (2.3)

0.001

COVID-19 specific therapies, no. (%)

   

 Convalescent plasma

0 (0)

16 (21)

< 0.001

 Remdesivir

0 (0)

12 (15)

< 0.001

 Hydroxychloroquine

0 (0)

11 (14)

< 0.001

 Tocilizumab

0 (0)

6 (8)

0.01

 Dexamethasone of 6 mg or equivalent glucocorticoid dose

31 (33)

31 (40)

0.39

Length of hospital stay, median (IQR), days

15.3 (± 16.4)

23.0 (± 23.6)

0.02

  1. Entries are mean (± SD) for continuous variables, or N (%) for categorical variables
  2. APACHE III acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ACTT-1 Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial
  3. aDiagnosis of sepsis included not having a primary diagnosis of respiratory failure or pneumonia and having one of the following ICU admission diagnoses: sepsis, septic Shock, necrotizing soft tissue infection, bacteremia, cellulitis, urinary tract infection and abscess
  4. bData on admission PaO2:FIO2 ratio were missing for 17 patients without COVID-19 and 14 patients with COVID-19 who received mechanical ventilation
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Critical Care

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