Fig. 4

Impact of plasma dilution on procoagulant-anticoagulant balance. Thrombin generation on the surface of fibroblasts (a) or endothelial cells (ECs) pretreated with LPS (b) was monitored for 30 min using synthetic fluorogenic substrate for thrombin (SN-20) with diluted human plasma and CaCl₂. For plasma dilution, normal human plasma was diluted with normal saline at a ratio of 2:1 (67% plasma), 1:2 (33% plasma), or 1:19 (5% plasma). While plasma dilution (1:2) delayed the onset of thrombin generation on the surface of fibroblasts, it augmented thrombin generation on the surface of LPS-stimulated ECs. Detailed methods and results are provided in Additional files 2 and 3