Table 3 Ventilator settings, clinical variables, and outcomes as a function of mechanical power/compliance during ECMO
Variables | MP/Compliance during the first 3Â days of ECMO | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
High (n = 88) (> 0.53 J/min/ml/cm H2O) | Low (n = 64) (≤ 0.53 J/min/ml/cm H2O) | ||
Ventilator settings before ECMO | Â | Â | Â |
 MP (J/min) | 23.8 ± 8.7 | 23.7 ± 10.1 | 0.990 |
 MP/PBW (× 10−3 J/min/kg) | 422 ± 158 | 407 ± 186 | 0.583 |
 MP/Compliance (J/min/ml/cm H2O) | 1.48 ± 0.85 | 0.98 ± 0.49 | < 0.001 |
 Tidal volume (ml/kg PBW) | 7.5 ± 2.4 | 8.0 ± 2.3 | 0.193 |
 PEEP (cm H2O) | 12.2 ± 2.8 | 11.9 ± 2.7 | 0.539 |
 Peak inspiratory pressure (cm H2O) | 35.7 ± 7.0 | 31.7 ± 4.8 | < 0.001 |
 Mean airway pressure (cm H2O) | 19.8 ± 4.3 | 17.3 ± 3.9 | 0.001 |
 Dynamic compliance (ml/cm H2O) | 19.3 ± 9.4 | 27.1 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 |
 Total respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 25.2 ± 7.2 | 22.8 ± 6.5 | 0.042 |
 Spontaneous respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 2 (0–8) | 0 (0–6) | 0.197 |
 Minute ventilation (L/min) | 10.4 ± 3.6 | 10.8 ± 3.9 | 0.536 |
Arterial blood gas before ECMO | Â | Â | Â |
 pH | 7.27 ± 0.15 | 7.28 ± 0.13 | 0.627 |
 PaCO2 (mm Hg) | 55.5 ± 21.6 | 48.1 ± 14.3 | 0.014 |
 PaO2 (mm Hg) | 74.4 ± 42.8 | 71.7 ± 35.0 | 0.687 |
 Saturation (%) | 83.7 ± 15.4 | 85.5 ± 15.5 | 0.493 |
 PaO2/FiO2 (mm Hg) | 60.7 (51.6–83) | 67.4 (52.9–93.5) | 0.851 |
SOFA score before ECMO | 11.4 ± 3.2 | 9.9 ± 2.9 | 0.007 |
Ventilator settings from day 1 to day 3 on ECMO | Â | Â | Â |
 MP (J/min) | 14.2 ± 6.8 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 |
 MP/PBW (× 10−3 J/min/kg) | 249 ± 124 | 149 ± 51 | < 0.001 |
 MP/Compliance (J/min/ml/cm H2O) | 0.99 ± 0.45 | 0.38 ± 0.10 | < 0.001 |
 Tidal volume (ml/kg PBW) | 6.0 ± 2.3 | 6.0 ± 2.1 | 0.834 |
 PEEP (cm H2O) | 11.5 ± 3.2 | 12.9 ± 3.2 | 0.016 |
 Peak inspiratory pressure (cm H2O) | 34.8 ± 5.1 | 27.8 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 |
 Mean airway pressure (cm H2O) | 18.4 ± 4.2 | 16.9 ± 3.8 | 0.027 |
 Dynamic compliance (ml/cm H2O) | 15.6 ± 6.7 | 24.1 ± 7.3 | < 0.001 |
 Total respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 17.9 ± 4.1 | 13.1 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 |
 Spontaneous respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 2 (0–5) | 0 (0–3) | 0.002 |
 Minute ventilation (L/min) | 6.3 ± 3.0 | 4.5 ± 1.7 | < 0.001 |
Arterial blood gas from day 1 to day 3 on ECMO | Â | Â | Â |
 pH | 7.43 ± 0.08 | 7.45 ± 0.08 | 0.192 |
 PaCO2 (mm Hg) | 39.2 ± 5.6 | 37.0 ± 4.7 | 0.016 |
 PaO2 (mm Hg) | 96.9 ± 54.0 | 99.6 ± 40.9 | 0.737 |
 Saturation (%) | 94.6 ± 3.4 | 96.3 ± 2.0 | < 0.001 |
 PaO2/FiO2 (mm Hg) | 161.3 (125.5–208.8) | 203 (152.3–250) | 0.215 |
SOFA score from day 1 to day 3 on ECMO | 10.1 ± 2.3 | 8.9 ± 2.2 | 0.002 |
ECMO complications, n (%) | 26 (29.5%) | 17 (26.6%) | 0.688 |
Duration of ECMO (days) | 10.6 (5.1–17.9) | 7.9 (5.3–12.9) | 0.054 |
Duration of mechanical ventilator (days) | 24 (12–42.8) | 20 (12–34.5) | 0.622 |
Length of ICU stay (days) | 26 (14–47) | 23 (15.5–41) | 0.806 |
Length of hospital stay (days) | 44 (18.3–68.3) | 38 (24.5–65.5) | 0.577 |
ECMO-free days on day 28 | 0 (0–15.7) | 17.3 (0–22.1) | < 0.001 |
Ventilator-free days on day 28 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–15.1) | < 0.001 |
Ventilator-free days on day 60 | 0 (0–25.5) | 30.7 (0–47.1) | < 0.001 |
Hospital mortality, n (%) | 56 (63.6%) | 19 (29.7%) | < 0.001 |