Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline and outcomes
Characteristics and outcomes | ACTT-1, placebo group (n = 522) | Capital Region of Denmark (n = 579) | Capital Region of Denmark, weighted (n = 579) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (mean, standard deviation, years) | 59.2 (15.4) | 69.0 (14.9) | 67.1 (14.5) |
Age intervals (n, %) | |||
18–39 years | 60 (11.5) | 22 (3.8) | (5.2) |
40–64 years | 264 (50.6) | 174 (30.1) | (30.8) |
65 + years | 198 (37.9) | 383 (66.1) | (64.0) |
Male sex (n, %) | 332 (63.6) | 329 (56.8) | (57.7) |
BMI (mean, standard deviation, kg/m2) | 30.5 (7.3) | 27.4 (6.4) | 28.0 (6.2) |
Summary of comorbidities (n, %) | |||
None | 102 (22.5) | 132 (22.8) | (23.1) |
One | 117 (25.8) | 165 (28.5) | (33.7) |
Two or more | 234 (51.7) | 282 (48.7) | (43.3) |
Coexisting comorbidities (n, %) | |||
Hypertension | 229 (49.9) | 299 (51.6) | (46.0) |
Coronary artery disease | 46 (10.0) | 92 (15.9) | (14.0) |
Congestive heart failure | 23 (5.0) | 51 (8.8) | (7.3) |
Chronic respiratory disease (emphysema) | 4 (0.9) | 92 (15.9) | (16.0) |
Asthma | 47 (10.3) | 44 (7.6) | (8.7) |
Chronic liver disease (chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis) | 9 (2.0) | 12 (2.1) | (1.8) |
Chronic kidney disease | 22 (4.8) | 11 (1.9) | (1.4) |
Diabetes (type 1 + 2) | 135 (29.6) | 133 (23.0) | (22.9) |
Obesity | 165 (36.2) | 129 (27.7) | (27.9) |
Cancer | 32 (7.0) | 81 (14.0) | (12.8) |
Immune deficiency (acquired or innate) | 36 (7.9) | 48 (8.3) | (9.5) |
Treatment requirement on hospital admission (n, %)* | |||
Hospitalized, not requiring oxygen | 60 (11.9) | 141 (24.4) | (11.9) |
Hospitalized, requiring oxygen | 199 (39.4) | 365 (63.0) | (39.4) |
Hospitalized, NIV or high-flow oxygen | 99 (19.6) | 50 (8.6) | (19.6) |
Hospitalized, mechanical ventilation or ECMO | 147 (29.1) | 23 (4.0) | (29.1) |
Outcomes, overall | |||
Median time to recovery/discharged alive in days | 15 (13–19) | 9 (7–11) | 29 (21–NE) |
Death day 14, Kaplan–Meier estimate % | 11.9 (9.2–15.4) | 21.6 (18.2–24.9) | 24.6 (18.4–30.6) |