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Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics

From: (1,3)-β-d-Glucan-based empirical antifungal interruption in suspected invasive candidiasis: a randomized trial

Variable

BDG group (n = 53)

Control group (n = 55)

p value

Demographics and comorbidities

 Age, years

62 [47–75]

68 [52.5–73]

0.49

 Male sex, N (%)

34 (64.2)

32 (58.2)

0.56

 Medical admission, N (%)

31 (58.5)

26 (47.3)

0.26

  -Respiratory failure, N (%)

13 (24.5)

17 (30.9)

0.52

  -Circulatory failure, N (%)

13 (24.5)

5 (9.1)

0.04

  -Other organ failure, N (%)*

5 (9.4)

4 (7.3)

0.96

 Surgical admission, N (%)

14 (26.4)

25 (45.5)

0.05

 Trauma admission, N (%)

8 (15.1)

4 (7.3)

0.23

 SAPS II score

43 [33–57]

42 [32.25–52.75]

0.59

 Charlson score

3 [1–6]

4 [1–6.75]

0.57

  -Cardiovascular diseases, N (%)

11 (20.8)

7 (12.7)

0.31

  -COPD, N (%)

8 (15.1)

10 (18.2)

0.8

  -Chronic renal failure, N (%)

8 (15.1)

7 (12.7)

0.78

  -Diabetes, N (%)

7 (13.2)

14 (25.5)

0.15

  -Chronic liver failure, N (%)

4 (7.5)

1 (1.8)

0.2

Presenting features and risk factors for ICI at randomization

 Hospital LOS before randomization (days)

9 [3.75–15.25]

8 [4–13.75]

0.79

 ICU LOS before randomization (days)

3 [2–10]

3 [2–5]

0.4

 MV duration before randomization (days)

3 [1–8.25]

2 [1–4.75]

0.67

 Vasopressors duration before randomization (days)

0 [0–3]

0 [0–3]

1

 SOFA score

7 [4.75–11.25]

7 [4–10]

0.19

 Septic shock, N (%)

27 (50.9)

26 (47.3)

0.85

 AKI requiring CRRT, N (%)

15 (28.3)

7 (12.7)

0.06

 Candida score ≥ 3, N (%)

26 (49.1)

29 (52.7)

0.85

  -Abdominal surgery, N (%)

30 (56.6)

40 (72.7)

0.11

  -Multifocal Candida colonization, N (%)

21 (39.6)

18 (32.7)

0.55

  -Total parenteral nutrition, N (%)

5 (9.4)

18 (32.7)

0.004

 Candida colonization index ≥ 0.5, N (%)

17 (32.1)

18 (32.7)

1

  -Candida albicans, N (%)

12 (22.6)

10 (18.2)

0.74

  -Non-C. albicans Candida species, N (%)**

5 (9.4)

8 (14.5)

0.6

 Invasive Candida infection, N (%)#

6 (11.3)

5 (9.1)

0.95

 Bacterial bloodstream infection, N (%)##

11 (20.8)

9 (16.4)

0.73

  -Gram-positive bacteria, N (%)

3 (5.7)

1 (1.8)

0.57

  -Gram-negative bacteria, N (%)

8 (15.1)

8 (14.5)

0.85

 Echinocandins as initial antifungals, N (%)

33 (62.3)

27 (49.1)

0.24

  -Caspofungin, N (%)

16 (30.2)

16 (29.1)

0.93

  -Anidulafungin, N (%)

17 (32.1)

11 (20)

0.23

 Fluconazole as initial antifungal, N (%)

20 (37.7)

28 (50.9)

0.24

  1. Data are presented as median [IQR], unless otherwise indicated
  2. BDG (1–3)-β-d-glucan, SAPS II Simplified Acute Physiology Score, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICI invasive Candida infection, LOS length of stay, ICU intensive care unit, MV mechanical ventilation, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, AKI acute kidney injury, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, CVC central venous catheter, IQR interquartile range
  3. *Neurological failure (n = 6), liver failure (n = 2), renal failure (n = 1)
  4. **Candida glabrata (n = 4), Candida tropicalis (n = 3), Candida dubliniensis (n = 3), Candida parapsilosis (n = 3)
  5. #See eTable 4 for further details
  6. ##Gram-positive bacteria (Enterococcus spp., n = 3; Staphylococcus aureus, n = 1); Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, n = 5; Klebsiella pneumoniae, n = 4; Enterobacter spp., n = 3; Acinetobacter Baumannii, n = 2; Proteus mirabilis, n = 1; Bacteroides fragilis, n = 1)
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Critical Care

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