Automated vs. conventional ventilation in the ICU: a randomized controlled crossover trial comparing blood oxygen saturation during daily nursing procedures (I-NURSING)

Table 2 General, hemodynamic and ventilation parameters during daily nursing procedure (DNPs) according to ventilation mode (CV conventional ventilation, AV automated ventilation)

Parameters	CV period n = 265	AV period n = 265	p
DNP parameters
DNPs duration—min	12 ± 6 (11–13)	12 ± 8 (11–13)	0.95
Ramsay score	4 ± 2 (4–4)	4 ± 1 (4–4)	0.35
Oxygenation before DNPs
SpO₂—%*	96 ± 3 (95–96)	95 ± 3 (95–95)	< 0.001
SpO₂/FiO₂*	320 ± 79 (310–329)	317 ± 87 (306–327)	0.49
PaO₂/FiO₂**	268 ± 95 (255–282)	266 ± 92 (253–280)	0.10
Hemodynamics during DNPs
Heart rate—bpm †	98 ± 19 (95–100)	98 ± 20 (96–101)	0.32
Mean arterial pressure—mmHg^†	89 ± 14 (87–90)	88 ± 15 (86–90)	0.56
Ventilation during DNPs
Mode used in the CV period—n (%)
Biphasic positive airway pressure	230 (87%)	–	–
Pressure support ventilation	23 (9%)	–	–
Volume controlled	12 (4%)	–	–
Tidal volume—mL/kg of PBW^†	10 ± 3 (10–10)	10 ± 2 (10–10)	0.40
Total RR—breath/min^†	28 ± 9 (27–29)	27 ± 8 (26–28)	0.79
Spontaneous RR—breath/min^†	14 ± 11 (13–15)	22 ± 12 (21–24)	< 0.001
Passive ventilation—n (%)***	35 (13%)	9 (3%)	< 0.001
Peak airway pressure—cmH₂O^†	27 ± 6 (26–27)	25 ± 7 (24–26)	< 0.001
Mean airway pressure—cmH₂O^†	15 ± 4 (14–15)	14 ± 4 (14–15)	< 0.001
PEEP—cmH₂O^†	9 ± 3 (9–10)	9 ± 3 (9–10)	0.07

Categorical variables are expressed as n (%) and continuous variables as mean ± standard deviation (95% confidence interval)
PBW predicted body weight, RR respiratory rate, PetCO₂ end-tidal CO₂ partial pressure, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure
*Measured the minute before starting the DNP
**Measured 5 min before starting the DNP
***Defined as no spontaneous breathing detected by the ventilator
^†Mean of the overall parameters monitored every minute during the DNP

ISSN: 1364-8535