Table 1 Characteristics of study patients between survivors and non-survivors
Variables | Total (n = 25, 669) | Survivors (n = 21, 326) | Non-survivors (n = 4343) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years (median, [IQR]) | 65 (54, 75) | 65 (53, 74) | 70 (58, 79) | < 0.001 |
Gender, male (n (%)) | 13,933 (54) | 11,561 (54) | 2372 (55) | 0.636 |
BMI (median, [IQR]) | 28.3 (23.9, 34.4) | 28.5 (24.1, 34.6) | 27.4 (23.2, 33.1) | < 0.001 |
Comorbidities (n (%)) | ||||
Hypertension | 13,533 (53) | 11,216 (53) | 2317 (53) | 0.371 |
Diabetes mellitus | 6149 (24) | 5173 (24) | 976 (22) | 0.013 |
COPD | 5870 (23) | 4919 (23) | 951 (22) | 0.099 |
Heart failure | 5011 (20) | 4110 (19) | 901 (21) | 0.027 |
Cirrhosis | 443 (2) | 335 (2) | 108 (2) | < 0.001 |
Cancer | 411 (2) | 269 (1) | 142 (3) | < 0.001 |
Chronic renal failure | 3585 (14) | 2871 (13) | 714 (16) | < 0.001 |
ICU types (n (%)) | < 0.001 | |||
Med-Surg ICU | 13,737 (54) | 11,477 (54) | 2260 (52) | |
Cardiac ICU | 1636 (6) | 1216 (6) | 420 (10) | |
CCU-CTICU | 2162 (8) | 1843 (9) | 319 (7) | |
CSICU | 889 (3) | 768 (4) | 121 (3) | |
CTICU | 1179 (5) | 1083 (5) | 96 (2) | |
MICU | 2587 (10) | 2088 (10) | 499 (11) | |
Neuro ICU | 1643 (6) | 1295 (6) | 348 (8) | |
SICU | 1836 (7) | 1556 (7) | 280 (6) | |
Admission diagnosis (n (%)) | < 0.001 | |||
Respiratory | 5910 (23) | 5106 (24) | 804 (19) | |
Sepsis | 3660 (14) | 2856 (13) | 804 (19) | |
Cardiac surgery | 3035 (12) | 2847 (14) | 88 (2) | |
Non-cardiac surgery | 2495 (10) | 2207 (10) | 288 (7) | |
Neurological | 2560 (10) | 1985 (9) | 575 (13) | |
Cardiovascular | 2079 (8) | 1783 (8) | 296 (7) | |
Cardiac arrest | 2143 (8) | 1149 (5) | 994 (23) | |
Trauma | 1179 (5) | 986 (5) | 193 (4) | |
Gastrointestinal | 461 (2) | 378 (2) | 83 (2) | |
Others | 2147 (8) | 1929 (9) | 218 (5) | |
TWM-PaO2, mmHg (n (%)) | < 0.001 | |||
< 60 | 622 (2) | 480 (2) | 142 (3) | |
60–120 | 10,593 (41) | 8832 (41) | 1761 (41) | |
120–300 | 8226 (32) | 6691 (31) | 1535 (35) | |
> 300 | 579 (2) | 453 (2) | 126 (3) | |
Missing (n (%)) | 5649 (22) | 4870 (23) | 779 (18) | |
TWM-PaCO2, mmHg (n (%)) | < 0.001 | |||
< 35 | 4420 (17) | 3336 (16) | 1084 (25) | |
35–45 | 9555 (37) | 8041 (38) | 1514 (35) | |
> 45 | 5849 (23) | 4928 (23) | 921 (21) | |
Missing (n (%)) | 5845 (23) | 5021 (24) | 824 (19) | |
TWM-pH (n (%)) | < 0.001 | |||
< 7.35 | 6868 (27) | 5311 (25) | 1557 (36) | |
7.35–7.45 | 10,085 (39) | 8635 (40) | 1450 (33) | |
> 7.45 | 2626 (10) | 2136 (10) | 490 (11) | |
Missing (n (%)) | 6090 (24) | 5244 (25) | 846 (19) | |
TWM-FiO2, % (median, [IQR]) | 45 (43, 60) | 45 (42, 59) | 50 (45, 75) | < 0.001 |
APACHE IV (median, [IQR]) | 68 (50, 89) | 63 (48, 83) | 92 (72, 115) | < 0.001 |
SOFA (median, [IQR]) | 6 (4, 8) | 6 (4, 8) | 8 (6, 11) | < 0.001 |
Vasopressors (n (%)) | 5734 (22) | 4135 (19) | 1599 (37) | < 0.001 |
Dialysis (n (%)) | 976 (4) | 802 (4) | 174 (4) | 0.466 |
Ventilation days (n (%)) | 3 (2, 5) | 3 (2, 4) | 4 (2, 7) | < 0.001 |