Fig. 1
Proposed mechanisms for chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine effectiveness on SARS-CoV-2 infection. The mechanisms proposed as responsible for the effects of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine: (a) the drugs interfere with the terminal glycosylation of cellular receptor ACE-2, thus hampering virus-receptor binding; (b) the drugs increase the pH of acidic cellular organelles, hindering endocytosis at intermediate stages with negative effects on virion transport and potentially altering post-translational modification of newly synthesized viral proteins; and (c) the drugs may contrast the process of virion assembly and viral protein synthesis