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Table 1 Admission characteristics associated with group A streptococcal documentation

From: Early identification of patients at high risk of group A streptococcus-associated necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections: a retrospective cohort study

 

Available data

Overall (n = 224)

GASa (n = 60)

Others (n = 164)

p (univariate)b

Adjusted ORc

p (multivariate)c

Demographical data

 Age, years, median (IQR)

224

64.00 [53.00–74.25]

60.00 [50.00–72.00]

65.00 [55.50–75.00]

0.083

  

 Male gender, n (%)

224

127 (56.7)

31 (51.7)

96 (58.5)

0.443

  

Comorbidities, n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

224

83 (37.1)

18 (30.0)

65 (39.6)

0.244

  

 Immunodeficiency

224

58 (25.9)

6 (10.0)

52 (31.7)

0.002

0.29 [0.10–0.74]

0.015

  HIV infection

224

2 (0.9)

0 (0.0)

2 (1.2)

0.954

  

  Cancer

224

21 (9.4)

0 (0.0)

21 (12.8)

0.008

  

  Corticosteroids

224

36 (16.1)

6 (10.0)

30 (18.3)

0.197

  

 Obliterating arteritis of the lower limbs

224

24 (10.7)

5 (8.3)

19 (11.6)

0.651

  

 Liver cirrhosis

224

9 (4.0)

0 (0.0)

9 (5.5)

0.142

  

 Chronic kidney disease

224

25 (11.2)

4 (6.7)

21 (12.8)

0.293

  

 Chronic alcohol consumption

224

27 (12.1)

5 (8.3)

22 (13.4)

0.422

  

 Obesity

224

57 (25.4)

13 (21.7)

44 (26.8)

0.54

  

Prior to admission

 Time from first symptom, days, median (IQR)

224

5.00 [2.00–9.75]

5.00 [2.00–7.25]

5.00 [2.00–10.00]

0.599

  

 Antibiotic treatment, n (%)

221

137 (61.2)

30 (50.8)

107 (66.0)

0.057

  

 NSAID use, n (%)

222

46 (20.5)

19 (31.7)

27 (16.7)

0.024

–

0.122

Presentation upon admission

 Nosocomial infection, n (%)

222

45 (20.1)

4 (6.7)

41 (25.3)

0.004

–

0.197

 Abdominoperineal location, n (%)

223

38 (17.0)

1 (1.7)

37 (22.7)

< 0.001

0.06 [0.00–0.30]

0.007

 Shock, n (%)

220

91 (40.6)

21 (35.6)

70 (43.5)

0.369

  

 Creatininemia, μmol/L, median [IQR]

210

112.50 [69.00–171.25]

123.00 [71.25–187.25]

109.50 [67.25–167.75]

0.571

  

 Uremia, mmol/L, median [IQR]

207

9.80 [5.25–19.00]

10.25 [5.45–18.02]

9.80 [5.20–19.10]

0.966

  

 Plasma bicarbonate, mmol/L, median [IQR]

193

22.90 [19.70–26.80]

22.70 [20.10–26.00]

23.00 [19.50–27.05]

0.943

  

 Blood leucocytes 103/mm3, median [IQR]

219

14.40 [9.50–21.60]

17.20 [12.35, 22.50]

13.60 [9.00–21.00]

0.016

–

0.067

 Platelets 103/mm3, median [IQR]

189

217.00 [153.00–329.00]

223.50 [181.25–312.50]

207.00 [144.00–344.00]

0.45

  

 Hemoglobinemia, g/dL, median [IQR]

215

10.70 [9.45–12.15]

11.05 [10.15–12.50]

10.60 [9.35–12.10]

0.171

  

 Arterial lactate-mmol/L median [IQR]

146

2.00 [1.30–3.48]

2.10 [1.50–3.60]

2.00 [1.20–3.40]

0.677

  
  1. Analysis among 224 patients admitted for necrotizing soft tissue infection. aGroup A streptococcal infection. bp values for univariate comparison of documented group A streptococcal infection vs others; Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical data according to sample size, Mann-Whitney’s test was used for continuous variables due to non-parametrical distribution. cp values and adjusted ORs from a logistic regression model assessing the relationship between admission characteristics and group A streptococcal documentation. The model included all variables with a p value < 0.05 in univariate analysis. Analysis regarding 213 patients (11 patients excluded for missing data on one of the variables of the model. Immunodeficiency encompassed active cancer, chemotherapy within the last 3 months, previous HIV infection whatever the AIDS status, the CD4 lymphocytes counts or the viral load, any immunosuppressive drugs including chronic systemic steroid treatment (whatever the dose but for at least 3 months). HIV human immunodeficiency virus, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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Critical Care

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