Table 1 Features of 101 patients undergoing Dex-LS
From: The place of dexmedetomidine light sedation in patients with acute brain injury
Clinical characteristics | |||
Age, years | 53 [35–68] | ||
Male | 84 (83.2) | ||
Neuro-psychiatric comorbidities | 24 (23.8) | ||
- Preesistent psychosis | 12 (11.9) | ||
- Preesistent dementia | 5 (5) | ||
- Preesistent epilepsy | 7 (6.9) | ||
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) | 78 (77.2) | ||
- Isolated traumatic brain injury | 14 (13.8) | ||
- Polytrauma with traumatic brain injury | 64 (63.4) | ||
Non-traumatic brain injury | 23 (22.8) | ||
ISS at admission (TBI only) | 23 [17–29] | ||
Head-AIS at admission (TBI only) | 3 [2–4] | ||
GCS at admission* | 10 [7–14] | ||
SAPS II at Dex-LS start | 34 [26–44] | ||
SOFA at Dex-LS start | 4 [3–7] | ||
MV at admission | 91 (90.1) | ||
MV at Dex-LS start | 80 (79.2) | ||
ICU LOS pre-Dex-LS, days | 4 [2–8] | ||
ICU LOS post-Dex-LS, days | 8 [3–15] | ||
ICU mortality | 4 (4) | ||
Hospital mortality | 8 (7.9) | ||
Hours of MV# | 39 [12–72] | ||
MV in assisted mode# | 71 (88.8) | ||
MV in assisted mode, hours# | 24 [6–48] | ||
Successful weaning# | 56 (70) | ||
Successful weaning in pts with previous weaning failure## | 16 (57.1) | ||
Spontaneous breathing, hours# | 25 [0–72] | ||
Analgosedation details | |||
RASS | 0 [− 1/0] | ||
Propofol co-infusion | 35 (34.7) | ||
Midazolam co-infusion | 0 | ||
Remifentanil co-infusion | 59 (58.4) | ||
Other opioids co-infusion** | 15 (14.9) | ||
Antipsychotic drugs co-administration*** | 40 (39.6) | ||
Dex length of infusion, hours | 64 [33–120] | ||
Dex start dosage, μg/kg/h | 0.7 [0.5–0.9] | ||
Dex median dosage, μg/kg/h | 0.6 [0.5–0.9] | ||
Dex maximum dosage, μg/kg/h | 0.9 [0.6–1.2] | ||
Dex dosage at suspension, μg/kg/h | 0.5 [0.3–0.8] | ||
Hemodynamic parameters and adverse events (n = 101) | |||
Pre-Dex infusion### | Dex-LS | P value | |
RASS | − 2 [− 3/0] | 0 [− 1/0] | < 0.001 |
HR, bpm | 78 [70–89] | 80 [66–91] | 0.165 |
SAP, mmHg | 133 [124–146] | 139 [126–150] | 0.136 |
DAP, mmHg | 65 [56–72] | 69 [62–78] | < 0.001 |
MAP, mmHg | 85 [78–98] | 90 [84–99] | 0.039 |
Bradycardia | 2 (2) | 23 (22.8) | < 0.001 |
- Bradycardia in pts receiving remifentanil co-infusion^ | – | 12 (20.3) | – |
- Dex median dosage in pts with bradycardia, μg/kg/h^^ | – | 0.6 [0.4–0.9] | – |
Arterial hypotension requiring vasopressors | 42 (41.6) | 27 (26.7) | 0.037 |
Seizures | 3 (3) | 3 (3) | 1 |
ICP, mmHg* | 9 [8–14] | 8 [7–10] | 0.164 |