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Table 1 Utstein style clinical characteristics of the patients

From: Correlation between end-tidal carbon dioxide and the degree of compression of heart cavities measured by transthoracic echocardiography during cardiopulmonary resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Number of the patients

18

Men/women (n)

13/5

Age (years ± SD)

66.6 ± 12.6

Location of OHCA (n (%))

 

 Home

12 (66.7)

 Workplace

3 (16.7)

 Street

1 (5.5)

 EMS ambulance car

2 (11.1)

Aetiology of OHCA (n (%))

 

 Cardiac

11 (61.1)

 Hypoxia

5 (27.8)

 Pulmonary embolism

1 (5.5)

 Metabolic

1 (5.5)

Witnessed OHCA (n (%))

18 (100.0)

First monitored rhythm (n (%))

 Ventricular fibrillation

6 (33.3)

 Pulseless electrical activity

7 (38.9)

 Asystole

5 (27.8)

Bystander CPR* (n (%))

 Compression and ventilation

2 (11.1)

 Compressions only

10 (55.6)

Phone-assisted CPR** (n (%))

12 (66.7)

Time from collapse to any CPR attempt (s ± SD)

181 ± 160

Response time (s ± SD)

455 ± 292

BLS duration (s ± SD)

274 ± 264

ALS duration (s ± SD)

1916 ± 1085

Time from collapse to ROSC or CPR termination (s ± SD)

2371 ± 1210

Defibrillation time** (s ± SD)

467 ± 248

Any ROSC

12 (66.7)

Sustained ROSC

8 (44.4)

30-day survival or survival to discharge (n (%))

6 (33.3)

30-day favourable neurological outcome ((CPC score 1 or 2) (n (%))

5 (27.8)

  1. OHCA out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, EMS emergency medical services, CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation, BLS basic life support, ALS advanced life support, ROSC return of spontaneous circulation, CPC cerebral performance category
  2. *In two patients with witnessed OHCA in the EMS ambulance car, BLS and phone-assisted CPR were not applicable. **If indicated