Table 3 Studies on supra- and infratentorial DC in children. Overview of the literature on DC for malignant ischemic stroke in children, with important characteristics of each study or case report
Study | Number | Age | Vascular territory | Etiology/risk factors of malignant infarction | Mydriasis | Timing of DC after onset/admission [h] | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Supratentorial DC | |||||||
Aghakhani [66] | 1 | 11 years | MCA R | Unknown | Unilateral | 2 | GOS 4 |
Farooq [67] | 1 | 19 months | MCA L | Unknown | No | 36–48 | mRS 1 |
Kirton [64] | 1 | 11 years | MCA R | Cardiac intervention | Unilateral | NA | mRS 3 |
Lammy [68] | 1 | 16 years | MCA R | Unknown | No | < 24 | GOS 5 |
Lee [69] | 1 | 6 years | MCA R | Cardiac myxoma | Unilateral | NA | mRS 2 |
Lee [70] | 4 | 23 months (17–33) | MCA R, MCA L, left basal ganglia, NA | Unknown | Unilateral (4) | 14 (5–19) | GOS 5 (3), GOS 4 (1) |
Leonhardt [52] | 1 | 15 years | MCA R | ICA dissection | NA | 12 | mRS 2 |
Montgomery [72] | 1 | 7 years | PCA R | Thrombosed basilar tip aneurysm | Unilateral | 24 | Good |
Rahme [73] | 1 | 7 years | MCA L | Unknown | NA | NA | mRS 3 |
Ramaswamy [65] | 4 | 18 months (6–36) | MCA+ACA L, MCA+ACA R, MCA L, MCA bilat. | ICA stenosis, postoperative after AVM, and cardiac surgery (2) | Unilateral (4) | 28 (8–60) | mRS 1, mRS 2 (2), mRS 3 |
Shah [74] | 3 | 13.3 years (11–15) | MCA R, MCA L, MCA+ACA L | Fanconi anemia, viral illness | Unilateral (2) | 57 (30–72) | mRS 3 (2), mRS 2 |
Smith [76] | 7 | 7 years (2–14) | MCA R (4), MCA L (3) | Sickle cell disease, ICA occlusion (2), meningitis, cardio-embolic (2), vasculopathy | NA | 88 (23–291) | Good (7) |
Tan [77] | 1 | 2 years | MCA L | Cardiac surgery | Unilateral | NA | mRS 4 |
Yamaguchi [78] | 1 | 6 years | MCA L | ICA stenosis | Unilateral | 116 | Good |
Infratentorial DC | |||||||
Fischer [80] | 1 | 5 months | Cerebellar infarction L | Unknown | No | NA | Good |
Miyata [79] | 1 | 11 years | Cerebellar infarction R | VA stenosis secondary to atlantoaxial subluxation | No | NA | Good |
Montgomery [73] | 3 | 8 years (6–10) | PICA+SCA+ AICA R, PCA L+PICA+AICA+SCA bilat., AICA+SCA L+AICA+PCA R | VA dissection, arteriopathy, unknown | No | < 72 | Good (3) |