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Table 2 Multivariable logistic regression model with stepwise variable selection

From: Machine learning for the prediction of volume responsiveness in patients with oliguric acute kidney injury in critical care

Variables

OR (95% CI)

p value

Gender (female as reference)

1.56 [1.36, 1.78]

< 0.001

Ethnicity (Asian as reference)

 Black

0.85 [0.49, 1.50]

0.574

 Hispanic

1.09 [0.57, 2.10]

0.785

 Unknown

0.88 [0.51, 1.52]

0.632

 White

0.74 [0.44, 1.26]

0.261

ICU type (CCU as reference)

 CSRU

1.39 [1.04, 1.85]

0.027

 MICU

0.94 [0.72, 1.22]

0.630

 SICU

0.88 [0.66, 1.18]

0.391

 TSICU

0.82 [0.60, 1.11]

0.200

Infection

0.77 [0.67, 0.89]

< 0.001

Mechanical ventilation

0.71 [0.61, 0.81]

< 0.001

Bilirubin (with every unit increment)

0.97 [0.95, 0.98]

< 0.001

Lactate (with every unit increment)

0.91 [0.88, 0.94]

< 0.001

Albumin (with every unit increment)

1.53 [1.38, 1.70]

< 0.001

Temperature (with every unit increment)

1.19 [1.10, 1.30]

< 0.001

Urinary pH (with every unit increment)

1.05 [0.97, 1.13]

0.252

Age (with each 20 years increment)

0.69 [0.63, 0.75]

< 0.001

Serum creatinine (with every 0.1 mg/dl increment)

0.98 [0.97, 0.99]

< 0.001

Maximum chloride (with every 20 mmol/l increment)

2.94 [2.08, 4.16]

< 0.001

Minimum chloride (with every 20 mmol/l increment)

0.44 [0.31, 0.60]

< 0.001

Maximum glucose (with every 20 mmol/l increment)

0.99 [0.97, 1.00]

0.164

Minimum bicarbonate (with every 5 mmol/l increment)

1.12 [1.02, 1.22]

0.014

Minimum hematocrit (with every 5% increment)

0.91 [0.86, 0.97]

0.002

BUN (with every 10 mmol/l increment)

0.94 [0.90, 0.99]

0.017

Maximum heart rate (with every 10 beats/min increment)

1.03 [1.00, 1.06]

0.095

Minimum systolic BP (with every 20 mmHg increment)

1.13 [1.04, 1.23]

0.003

Urinary creatinine (with every 50 mg/dl increment)

0.71 [0.68, 0.75]

< 0.001

Maximum aPTT (for every 10 s increment)

0.96 [0.93, 0.98]

< 0.001

  1. An OR value greater than 1 indicates that the presence of a variable or increase in a continuous variable is associated with higher probability of volume responsiveness
  2. Abbreviations: OR odds ratio, BP blood pressure, aPTT activated partial thromboplastin time, BUN blood urea nitrogen, ICU intensive care unit, BP blood pressure, CCU coronary artery unit, CSRU cardiac surgery recovery unit, MICU medical ICU, SICU surgical ICU, TSICU trauma-neuro surgical ICU