Table 2 Primary and secondary outcomes, according to the study group
From: Early nasal high-flow versus Venturi mask oxygen therapy after lung resection: a randomized trial
Outcome | Study group | p value | Odds ratio or mean difference (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
HFNC (n = 47) | Venturi mask (n = 48) | |||
Primary outcome | ||||
 Incidence of postoperative hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mmHg) | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.84 | 1.11 (0.41–3) |
   No. of patients | 38 | 38 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 81 (69–93) | 79 (67–91) |  |  |
Secondary outcomes | ||||
 Need for supplemental oxygen after treatment discontinuation | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.48 | 1.34 (0.60–3) |
   No. of patients | 24 | 21 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 51 (36–66) | 44 (29–58) |  |  |
 Incidence of postoperative respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support* | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | > 0.999 | 0.67 (0.11–4.18) |
   No. of patients | 2 | 3 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 4 (0–11) | 6 (0–13) |  |  |
 Incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.64 | 1.29 (0.51–3.25) |
   No. of patients | 13 | 11 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 28 (14–41) | 23 (11–35) |  |  |
Mean dyspnea during the first 4 postoperative days | ||||
 ANOVA for repeated measures |  |  | 0.97 | 0 (− 1–1) |
  Mean | 2.2 | 2.3 |  |  |
  95% CI | 1.5–2.9 | 1.5–3 |  |  |
Other secondary outcomes | ||||
 Incidence of moderate-to-severe postoperative hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2 < 200 mmHg) | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.67 | 1.24 (0.54–2.88) |
   No. of patients | 18 | 16 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 38 (24–53) | 33 (20–47) |  |  |
 Incidence of postoperative hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 45 mmHg) | ||||
  Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.004 | 0.24 (0.09–0.63) |
   No. of patients | 8 | 22 |  |  |
   % of patients (95% CI) | 17 (6–28) | 46 (31–60) |  |  |
  Adjusted analysis¶ |  |  | 0.002 | 0.18 (0.06–0.54) |
Mean PaO2/FiO2 | ||||
 In the first four postoperative days | ||||
  ANOVA for repeated measures |  |  | 0.92 | 1 (− 30–33) |
   Mean | 300 | 299 |  |  |
   95% CI | 279–322 | 276–322 |  |  |
 During assigned treatments (two postoperative days) | ||||
  ANOVA for repeated measures |  |  | 0.72 | 5 (− 24–35) |
   Mean | 301 | 296 |  |  |
   95% CI | 281–321 | 274–317 |  |  |
Mean PaCO2 | ||||
 In the first four postoperative days | ||||
  ANOVA for repeated measures |  |  | 0.015 | − 1.7 (− 3 to − 0.3) |
   Mean | 38.9 | 40.6 |  |  |
   95% CI | 38–39.8 | 39.6–41.5 |  |  |
During assigned treatments (two postoperative days) | ||||
 ANOVA for repeated measures | ||||
   Mean | 39.7 | 41.6 | 0.009 | − 2 (− 3.4 to − 0.5) |
   95% CI | 38.7–40.6 | 40.5–42.7 |  |  |
Incidence of overall postoperative complications | ||||
 Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.61 | 1.25 (0.53–2.98) |
  No. of patients | 16 | 14 |  |  |
  % of patients (95% CI) | 34 (20–48) | 29 (16–43) |  |  |
Length of hospital stay, days | ||||
 Unadjusted analysis |  |  | 0.83 | − 2 (− 8–4) |
  Median | 6 | 6 |  |  |
  Interquartile range | 5–7 | 5–7 |  |  |
28-day mortality | ||||
 Unadjusted analysis |  |  | n/a |  |
  No. of patients | 0 | 0 |  |  |