Table 3 Hemodynamic variables during contractility changes

CO, L⋅min⁻¹

8.87 ± 1.88

5.15 ± 1.09^‡

8.16 ± 2.01

11.23 ± 3.25^‡

SV, ml

116 ± 13

75 ± 11^‡

111 ± 17

131 ± 22^‡

HR, beats⋅min^− 1

76 ± 10

69 ± 9^†

73 ± 10

85 ± 15^†

MAP, mmHg

73 ± 13

50 ± 4^‡

71 ± 8

83 ± 10^‡

EDV, ml

209 ± 33

200 ± 27

210 ± 28

208 ± 29

ESV ml

93 ± 28

125 ± 22^†

97 ± 23

74 ± 28^‡

LV Ped, mmHg

15 ± 4

13 ± 3^*

14 ± 4

15 ± 4

LV Pes, mmHg

76 ± 15

53 ± 8^†

73 ± 11

85 ± 12^‡

Ea, mmHg⋅ml⁻¹

0.53 ± 0.13

0.55 ± 0.12

0.54 ± 0.13

0.55 ± 0.15

Ees, mmHg⋅ml^− 1

0.37 ± 0.10

0.23 ± 0.06^‡

0.33 ± 0.07

0.50 ± 0.11^‡

LV ejection fraction, %

56 ± 7

38 ± 5^‡

38 ± 5

53 ± 7^‡

SVV, %

9.4 ± 4.4

17.1 ± 3.6

10.1 ± 3.8

8.9 ± 4.2^*

LV dP/dt_max, mmHg⋅s^− 1

1067 ± 220

485 ± 58^‡

927 ± 174

1701 ± 384^‡

Femoral dP/d_max, mmHg⋅s^− 1

292 ± 57

171 ± 44^‡

287 ± 56

392 ± 70^‡

Radial dP/dt_max, mmHg⋅s^− 1

401 ± 142

204 ± 66^‡

391 ± 151

565 ± 192^‡