Fig. 3

Influence of initial lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as an outcome predictor. The scatter plot shows initial LDH levels at admission in later survivors (alive) and non-survivors (dead) (443 ± 214 vs. 673 ± 373 iU/L, p < 0.0001) (a) and in non-ICU versus ICU patients (411 ± 199 vs. 627 ± 328 iU/L, p < 0.0001) (b). c Bar graph showing overall mortality (right y-axis) stratified for initial LDH quartiles (left y-axis) (Q1, < 310; Q2, 311–436; Q3, 437–599; Q4, > 600 iU/L). d Mortality in all patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia with LDH levels ≤ and > 496 iU/L (cutoff value was derived from ROC curve of all patients, with sensitivity and specificity of 70%.) The gray area highlights the overall mortality of 24.8% without LDH risk stratification. e Kaplan–Meier analysis of survival in patients stratified for LDH ≤ and > 495 iU/L during 120 days (p _{log-rank test} < 0.0001)