Permissive fluid volume in adult patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treatment

Table 5 Cox regression analyses for 90-day mortality with cumulative fluid balance, cumulative input, and output

Models	Variables	Cardiovascular disease		Non-cardiovascular disease
Models	Variables	HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Model 1	CFB*	1.76 (1.37–2.27)	< 0.001	1.46 (1.17–1.83)	< 0.001
Model 2	CFB*	1.67 (1.19–2.34)	0.003	1.55 (1.16–2.09)	0.003
Model 3	Cumulative input*^,†	3.35 (1.64–6.83)	0.001	5.53 (2.60–11.75)	< 0.001
Model 3	Cumulative total output*^,†	0.56 (0.47–0.76)	< 0.001	0.25 (0.14–0.45)	< 0.001
Model 4	Cumulative input*^,†	2.66 (1.30–5.44)	0.007	1.92 (1.08–3.42)	0.027
Model 4	Cumulative urine output*^,†	0.78 (0.67–0.91)	0.001	0.84 (0.75–0.93)	0.001

CFB Cumulative fluid balance
Model 1: Additionally adjusted for age, sex, Charlson comorbidity index, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and propensity score
Model 2: Model 1 + daily fluid balance before ECMO*^,¶
Model 3: Model 2 + cumulative input + cumulative total output without CFB
Model 4: Model 2 + cumulative input + cumulative urine output without CFB
*Data were log-transformed
^†During 3 days from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) commencement
^¶Daily fluid balance during intensive care unit admission before ECMO commencement
Propensity score was obtained by logistic regression analysis with covariables body mass index, ECMO pump time, ECMO blood flow rate, albumin, total carbon dioxide, acute kidney injury stage
The 27 (3.7%) patients who were lost to follow-up were treated as censored

ISSN: 1364-8535